纳米载体介导的植物遗传转化研究现状和前景  

Research Progress and Prospect of Plant Genetic Transformation Mediated by Nano-gene Vector

作　　者：孙敬爽[1] 胡瑞阳 郑广顺 麻文俊[2] 许言 王军辉[2] SUN Jing-shuang;HU Rui-yang;ZHENG Guang-shun;MA Wen-jun;XU Yan;WANG Jun-hui(Experimental Center of Forestry in North China,Chinese Academy of Forestry,National Innovation Alliance of Catalpa bungei,Beijing 102300;State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,National Innovation Alliance of Catalapa bungei,Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院华北林业实验中心,楸树国家创新联盟,北京102300 [2]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室,国家林草局森林培育重点实验室,楸树国家创新联盟中国林业科学研究院林业所,北京100091

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2021年第2期162-173,共12页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金CAFYBB2020ZB004。

摘　　要：高效遗传转化技术是植物重要性状功能基因鉴定的前提和转基因育种的基础。随着纳米生物技术的发展,以纳米载体介导的植物转基因技术已显示出巨大的应用潜力。综述了国内外应用于植物纳米载体的类型、与外源基因的结合方式以及传输细胞的原理,重点阐述了影响纳米基因载体性能与转化效率的重要因素,以及纳米载体介导外源基因转化植物细胞的方法,分析了纳米载体介导法与其他转基因方法的特点和优势,并提出纳米载体介导的转化技术应加强稳定遗传转化、基因编辑与植物原位转化等方面探索研究,旨为植物遗传转化技术和方法提供新的思路。Efficient genetic transformation technology is the prerequisite for the identification of functional genes for important traits in plants and the basis for transgenic breeding.With the development of nanotechnology,the genetic transformation technology of plant based on gene vector constructed by nano particle has shown great application potential.The type and properties of nano particle applied in gene vector of plant,its combination way with DNA and the basic principle of gene transfection technology were reviewed.In the meanwhile,the important factors that affect the performance and transformation efficiency of nano-gene vector,as well as the transformation methods by which nano-gene vectors mediate exogenous genes into plant cells,were expounded emphatically.The advantages of nano-gene vectors were analyzed compared with that of other vectors.Further researches are needed to improve the stable genetic transformation,gene editing and in planta transformation with nano-gene vector,which will provide new ideas for plant genetic transformation technology and methods.

关 键 词：纳米粒子 基因载体 载体性能 转化方法 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]