海南省3~5岁儿童龋病流行状况及家长口腔健康知识态度行为调查分析  

Investigation on oral health status of children aged 3-5 year oldand related knowledge,attitudes,behaviors of their parentsin Hainan province

作　　者：谢莉莉[1] 谢奇[1] 郭冬梅[1] 邓旎[1] 郭秋云[1] 全涛 XIE LI-li;XIE Qi;GUO Dong-mei;Deng Ni;GUO Qiu-yun;QUAN Tao(Hainan Ceneral Hospital(Hainan affiliated hospital of Hainan Medical University),Haikou 570102,China.)

机构地区：[1]海南省人民医院(海南医学院附属海南医院),海南海口570102

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2020年第11期991-995,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：国家卫计委公益性行业科研专项(201502002);海南省医药卫生科研项目(18A200009)。

摘　　要：目的了解海南省3~5岁儿童患龋状况,儿童家长口腔健康知识、态度及行为,为海南省3~5岁儿童龋病预防提供流行病学依据。方法根据"第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查"的抽样方案,采取分层多阶段等容量随机抽样方法,选取海南省1176名3~5岁儿童进行口腔健康检查,并通过问卷调查了解儿童家长的口腔健康知识、态度及行为。结果海南省1176名3~5岁儿童乳牙患龋率为72.7%,5岁儿童(82.3%)患龋率高于其他年龄组儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。73.0%的儿童家长知道刷牙出血不正常,80.8%知道细菌可以引起牙龈发炎,54.8%知道刷牙对预防牙龈出血有作用,71.1%知道细菌可以引起龋齿,83.2%知道吃糖可以导致龋齿,59.1%知道乳牙坏了需要治疗,12.1%知道窝沟封闭可以预防龋齿,17.0%知道氟化物可以保护牙齿。95.2%的儿童家长认为口腔健康对自己的生活很重要,76.2%认为定期检查口腔十分必要,75.3%认为牙齿与自己的保护关系很大,92.1%认为预防牙病首先靠自己,51.4%认为保护孩子的6龄牙很重要,30.6%认为母亲牙齿不好会影响孩子的牙齿。67.2%的儿童每天刷牙,20.4%的儿童每天刷牙2次及以上,36.1%的儿童睡前从不吃甜点或者甜饮料,63.1%的儿童刷牙时使用牙膏,5.8%的儿童刷牙时使用含氟药膏。结论海南省3~5岁儿童龋病流行水平高,儿童家长口腔健康知识、态度、行为有待提高,应该加强3~5岁儿童口腔健康教育。Objective To understand the prevalence of dental caries in children aged 3-5 years old in Hainan province andrelated knowledge,attitude and behaviors of their parents,and to provide epidemiological basis for oral prevention on preschool children in Hainan province.Methods According to the sampling design of the 4 th Chinese National Oral Health Survey,a sample of 1176 preschool children aged 3-5 year old were selected by using multi-stage stratified equalvolume random sampling for oral health examination,a questionnaire survey was used to understand their parents’oral health knowledge,attitude and behavior.Results The prevalence of dental caries in 1176 childrenwas 72.7%,and 82.3%in 5-year-old children was higher than other ages(P<0.05).For their parents,73.0%of them knew that the bleeding from brushing teeth was abnormal,80.8%knew that bacteria can cause gum inflammation,83.2%knew that eating sugar can cause tooth decay,59.1%knew that a bad baby tooth need treatment,12.1%knew that cavity and groove sealing can prevent dental caries,17.0%knew that fluoride can protect teeth.95.2%thought that the oral health was very important to the life,76.2%thought that it’s necessary to have regular oral examinations,75.3%thought that teeth was related their own protection,92.1%thought that prevention the tooth disease to depend on by oneself,51.4%thought that it’s important to protect child’s six-year-old teeth,30.6%thought that the mother’s bad teeth would affect the child’s teeth.Totally 67.2%of the children brushed their teeth every day,20.4%brushed their teeth twice or more,36.1%never eat dessert or sweet drinks before bed,63.1%used toothpaste when brushing your teeth,5.8%used fluoride-containing toothpaste.Conclusion The prevalence of dental caries among children aged 3-5 year old in Hainan Province was relatively high.The oral health related knowledge,attitude and behavior of their parents should be improved.It is necessary to strengthen the oral health education in children to improve the level of oral heal

关 键 词：儿童 口腔健康状况 知识 态度 行为 调查 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R179[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]