中西部“双一流”高校毕业生的空间流向及其网络特征  

Mobility and Network Characteristics of Graduates From“Double First-Class”Universities in the Midwest China

作　　者：周均旭 常亚军 ZHOU Junxu;CHANG Yajun(School of Public Policy and Management,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学公共管理学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《重庆高教研究》2021年第2期27-38,共12页Chongqing Higher Education Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“西部地区公共人力资本投资的效益及对策研究”(17AGL023)。

摘　　要：基于2018年毕业生就业质量报告,采用社会网络分析方法,对24所中西部“双一流”高校毕业生空间流向分析发现:中西部“双一流”高校毕业生空间流动的“马太效应”显著,“北上广”等东部省份依然是集聚中心,但分别呈现“点、面、线”不同的集聚特征;在中西部区域内部,毕业生流入的“高地”“洼地”与“边缘”地区分异明显;整体流动网络呈现“东密西疏”的多中心空间网络格局,近域网络流动是毕业生的优先选择,少数关键路径承载了较大规模的流量。这些流向特征受生源、区域经济和空间距离等多重因素影响。为扭转长期的人才流失态势,中西部地区需要“开源节流”,增强高校人才培养的空间黏滞性,建立区域间高等教育成本分担与收益补偿机制,构建引导毕业生合理流动的长效机制。Based on the graduate employment quality report in 2018,the spatial flow of graduates from 24“double first-class”universities in the central and western regions was analyzed by using the social network analysis method.The results show the“Matthew effect”of the spatial flow of“double first-class”college graduates in the central and western regions is significant,and the eastern provinces such as Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou are still the centers of concentration,showing different concentration characteristics of“point,surface and line”;in the western region,the“highland”,“lowland”and“marginal”areas of graduates’inflow are obviously different;the overall flow network presents a multi-center spatial network pattern of“density in the east and sparsity in the west”;the network flow nearby is the preferred choice for graduates,and a few key paths carry the large-scale traffic.These flow characteristics are affected by multiple factors such as the source of students,regional economy and spatial distance.Finally,some countermeasures and suggestions were put forward,such as“broaden sources of income and reducing expenditure”,enhancing the spatial stickiness of talent cultivation in colleges and universities,establishing the mechanism of cost sharing and income compensation among regions,and constructing a long-term mechanism to guide the reasonable flow of graduates.

关 键 词：中西部 “双一流”高校 毕业生流向 空间分布 网络特征 

分 类 号：G646[文化科学—高等教育学]