城市生活垃圾热处理中氯元素转化的热力学平衡分析  

Thermodynamic equilibrium analysis on transformation of chlorine element in thermal treatment of municipal solid waste

作　　者：何祺东 马晓茜[1] 王耀汉 唐玉婷[1] 陈晓斌 HE Qi-dong;MA Xiao-qian;WANG Yao-han;TANG Yu-ting;CHEN Xiao-bin(School of Eletric Power Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学电力学院,广东广州510641

出　　处：《应用化工》2021年第2期281-284,289,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51606071);广东省自然科学基金博士启动项目(2016A030310424)。

摘　　要：利用FactSage软件,采用热力学平衡分析法,研究了燃烧气氛、反应温度及脱氯剂对城市生活垃圾热处理过程中氯元素转化的影响。结果表明,MSW在空气或富氧气氛下焚烧,低温时氯元素的主要产物为Cl_(2)和HCl,超过一定温度后,全部转化成HCl,这一温度节点会随着垃圾的具体组分不同而变化;富氧下,O_(2)含量越高,Cl_(2)越多,而HCl越少;而在全实验温度范围内热解,氯元素几乎全部转化为HCl。超过一定温度(不同工况下400~800℃)时,脱氯剂丧失脱氯效果。脱氯剂的效果:CaO>CaCO_(3),添加比例15%>10%>5%,热解>空气>富氧气氛(富氧时CO_(2)与脱氯剂生成CaCO_(3),O_(2)含量越少脱氯效果越好)。脱氯效果与垃圾组分有关,因MSW样本2中含大量硫元素,硫元素氧化生成CaSO_(4),抑制脱氯效果,故MSW样本1脱氯效果优于MSW样本2,适宜脱氯温度范围较广。The influence of combustion atmosphere,reaction temperature and dechlorinating agent on the transformation of chlorine element during the thermal treatment of municipal solid waste(MSW)is investigated by the thermodynamic equilibrium analysis with FactSage.The results show that MSW is combusted under air or CO_(2)/O_(2)atmosphere.The main products of chlorine are Cl_(2)and HCl at low temperatures.After a certain temperature node,all of the products are transformed into HCl.This temperature node varies with the specific composition of MSW.Under CO_(2)/O_(2)atmosphere,Cl_(2)concentration is increased and HCl concentration is decreased as oxygen concentration increased.Within the full pyrolysis temperature range,all of chlorine element is transform into HCl.After a certain temperature node(400~800℃under different conditions),the dechlorinating agent is deactivated.The removal effect of dechlorinating agent:CaO>CaCO_(3);15%>10%>5%about addition ratio;pyrolysis>air>CO_(2)/O_(2)atmosphere(The removal effect of dechlorinating agent enhances as oxygen concentration decreased because of reaction of CO_(2)with dechlorinating agent to form CaCO_(3)under CO_(2)/O_(2)atmosphere).The removal effect is related to the municipal solid waste composition.Due to the large amount of sulfur in the Shanghai sample,sulfur is oxidized to form CaSO 4,which inhibits the removal effect of dechlorinating agent.So the removal effect of dechlorinating agent of Guangzhou sample is better than Shanghai.The suitable temperature range of dechlorinating agent of Guangzhou is wide.

关 键 词：城市生活垃圾 热处理 氯 热力学平衡分析 脱氯剂 

分 类 号：TQ51[化学工程] X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]