冬瓜种子休眠类型初探  

Study on the Dormancy Types of Wax Gourd(Benincasa hispida Cogn.)Seeds

作　　者：曹鑫鑫 高瞻 廖道龙[2] 刘子凡[1] 苏祺睿 CAO Xin-xin(College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带作物学院,海南海口570228 [2]海南省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,海南海口571100

出　　处：《园艺与种苗》2021年第1期36-38,79,共4页Horticulture & Seed

基　　金：2019年大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910589016)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析冬瓜种子的休眠类型,为选择破除其休眠的措施提供理论依据。[方法]对种子进行剥除种皮、夹裂种孔处理,观测种子生活力、种子发芽率、种皮吸水率和透气性,并浸提种仁内的醇溶性萌发抑制物质进行生物检测。[结果]完整未处理的种子生活力远高于其发芽率;未处理种子的发芽率明显低于剥除种皮种子,但与夹裂种孔的种子发芽率无明显差异。吸胀前期夹裂种孔的种子吸水率大于完整未处理种子,但最终吸水均可达到饱和,且饱和时种仁含水量两者无显著差异。吸胀初期夹裂种孔的种子与完整未处理的种子呼吸速度强度基本相等;吸胀后期夹裂种孔的种子呼吸速率基本达到稳定,而完整未处理种子的呼吸速率却逐渐下降。种仁甲醇浸提液可抑制白菜种子萌发,且浓度越大,抑制作用越明显。[结论]冬瓜种子具有明显的休眠特性,为综合休眠;种皮不透气与种仁含有发芽抑制物质是引起冬瓜种子休眠的原因。[Objective]The aim of this study was to analyze the dormancy types of wax gourd seeds and provide theoretical basis for selecting measures to break dormancy.[Method]Seeds which removed testa,breached micropyle and untreated were used as material.The seed viability,germination rate,water absorption rate and air permeability were observed.After that,the methanol soluble germination inhibitor in the testa and kernel was extracted and detected by bioassay.[Result]Viability of the untreated seeds was significantly higher than the germinability.The germination rate of the untreated seeds was significantly lower than that of the removed testa seeds,but there was no difference between the untreated seeds and the breached micropyle seeds.In the early imbibition stage,water absorption rate of the breached micropyle seeds was higher than that of untreated seeds,but these seeds could reach to saturation at last.In saturated stage,the water content of seed kernel of the two above treatments had no significance.In the early stage of water absorption,the respiratory rate of the breached micropyle seeds was similar to the untreated seeds.In the late stage of water absorption,the respiratory rate of the breached micropyle seeds was stable,while the respiratory rate of the untreated seeds began to decline.Methanol extracts in the kernel could inhibit the germination of Chinese cabbage seed.[Conclusion]The seeds of wax gourd had obvious dormancy characteristics.The dormancy type of wax gourd seeds was comprehensive.The dormancy reason was attributed to airtight of seed testa and germination endogenous inhibiting substance existing in kernel.

关 键 词：冬瓜种子 休眠特性 物理休眠 化学休眠 

分 类 号：S642.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]