基于HIAF装置的高能量密度物理研究  

High-energy-density physics based on HIAF

作　　者：赵永涛[1,2] 张子民[1] 程锐[1] HOFFMANN Dieter 马步博 王友年[3] 王瑜玉[1] 王兴[2] 邓志刚 任洁茹 刘巍 齐伟 齐新[1] 苏有武[1] 杜应超[5] 李福利[2] 李锦钰[1] 杨杰[1] 杨建成[1] 杨磊[1] 肖国青[1] 吴栋 何斌[7] 宋远红[3] 张小安[8] 张世政 张琳[2] 张雅 张艳宁[2] 陈本正 陈燕红 周征 周贤明 周维民[4] 赵红卫[1] 赵全堂[1] 赵宗清[4] 赵晓莹[1] 胡章虎[3] 弯峰 栗建兴 徐忠锋[2] 高飞[3] 唐传祥[5] 黄文会[5] 曹树春[1] 曹磊峰[4] 盛丽娜[1] 康炜[10] 雷瑜 詹文龙[1] ZHAO YongTao;ZHANG ZiMin;CHENG Rui;HOFFMANN Dieter;MA BuBo;WANG YouNian;WANG Yu Yu;WANG Xing;DENG ZhiGang;REN JieRu;LIU Wei;QI Wei;QI Xin;SU YouWu;DU YingChao;LI FuLi;LI JinYu;YANG Jie;YANG JianCheng;YANG Lei;XIAO GuoQing;WU Dong;HE Bin;SONG YuanHong;ZHANG XiaoAn;ZHANG ShiZheng;ZHANG Lin;ZHANG Ya;ZHANG YanNing;CHEN BenZheng;CHEN YanHong;ZHOU Zheng;ZHOU XianMing;ZHOU WeiMin;ZHAO HongWei;ZHAO QuanTang;ZHAO ZongQing;ZHAO XiaoYing;HU ZhangHu;WAN Feng;LI JianXing;XU ZhongFeng;GAO Fei;TANG ChuanXiang;HUANG WenHui;CAO ShuChun;CAO LeiFeng;SHENG LiNa;KANG Wei;LEI Yu;ZHAN WenLong(Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;MoE-NSMCM,School of Physics,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China;School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Laser Fusion Research Center,Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621999,China;Department of Engineering Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Department of Physics,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics,Beijing 100088,China;College of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Xianyang Normal University,Xianyang 712000,China;School of Science,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Center for Applied Physics and Technology,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院近代物理研究所,兰州730000 [2]西安交通大学物理学院教育部物质非平衡合成与调控重点实验室,西安710049 [3]大连理工大学物理与光电工程学院,大连116024 [4]中国工程物理研究院激光聚变中心,绵阳621999 [5]清华大学工程物理系,北京100084 [6]浙江大学物理学系,杭州310027 [7]北京应用物理与计算数学研究所,北京100088 [8]咸阳师范学院物理与电子工程学院,咸阳712000 [9]武汉理工大学理学院,武汉430070 [10]北京大学应用物理与技术研究中心,北京100871

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2020年第11期31-53,共23页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(编号:2019YFA0404900);国家自然科学基金(编号:U1532263,11705141,11775282,11875219);国防基础科研科学挑战专题项目(编号:TZ2016099)资助。

摘　　要：高能量密度物理的研究对象是能量密度超过1011J/m3或压强超过100 GPa极端状态的物质,这种物质广泛存在于恒星和大质量行星内部,同时也短暂存在于核弹爆炸和惯性约束聚变等高功率加载过程中.高能量密度物理研究是科技强国在国防安全、天体物理及聚变科学技术等重大领域竞相追逐的前沿热点,也是国内外大型高功率激光装置、Z箍缩装置以及重离子加速装置的重要科学目标.本文将主要介绍基于强流重离子加速器装置(High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility,HIAF)的高能量密度物理研究.HIAF装置将可以提供极高功率的强流重离子束,单脉冲能量和功率将分别达到100 kJ和TW量级.如此高功率的离子束直接加热金、铅等固体材料,可以产生密度接近原固体密度、温度约10 eV、空间尺度mm–cm量级的状态均匀的高能量密度物质(能量密度达到1013J/m^(3)量级),为实验室研究高能量密度物质的产生、物态性质及其演化规律提供先进的研究平台.基于HIAF的高能量密度物理研究主要包括:(1)强流离子束驱动高能量密度物质的产生及其发展规律;(2)离子束在稠密物质或等离子体中的能量沉积与输运性质;(3)离子束驱动高能量密度物质关键诊断技术.本文还将重点介绍上述三个关键科学技术问题的研究现状和进展.High-energy-density physics(HEDP)deals with the study of matter under extreme conditions with an energy density higher than 1011 J/m3,corresponding to a pressure of 100 GPa.Such matter exists in abundance in deep interiors of the planets and stars.It also exists for a short duration during nuclear explosion and the loading of high-power-pulsed machines.HEDP is the international frontier of national security,astrophysics and fusion science,and it is also one of the main scientific goals of the high-power laser-facilities,Z-machines and heavy-ion-accelerators.Herein,the HEDP research based on High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility(HIAF),which is the"12 th Five-Year Plan"national major science and technology infrastructure,will be introduced.The HIAF is advocated to provide the world with a heavy-ion beam with utmost high power.The energy and power of one beam pulse is about 100 J and several TW,respectively.With such a high-power heavy-ion beam,heating a solid-state lead sample,for example,could generate homogenous high-energy-density matter with a spatial scale from mm to cm and a temperature of 10 eV,near-solid density,and energy density of 1013 J/m^(3).Thus,through the HIAF,the generation,properties and evolution of highenergy-density matter can be investigated.This paper also reports the state of the art in the field of HEDP based on HIAF,including the generation and development of high-energy-density matter driven by a high-intensity heavy-ion beam,micro mechanism of interaction between the ion beam and dense matter or plasma,and key diagnostics of the highenergy-density matter driven by a hevy-ion beam.

关 键 词：高能量密度物理 强流重离子加速器装置 离子束与等离子体相互作用 尾场调制 高能电子成像 

分 类 号：O572[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]