生产能力储备模式下应急物资储备与采购定价模型  

The model of emergency supplies storing and purchase pricing based on production capacity reserve

作　　者：扈衷权 田军[2] 沈奥 冯耕中[2] HU Zhongquan;TIAN Jun;SHEN Ao;Feng Gengzhong(School of Economics and Management,Xidian University,Xi′an 710126,China;School of Management,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学经济与管理学院,陕西西安710126 [2]西安交通大学管理学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2021年第2期200-210,共11页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金项目(19YJA630068);国家自然科学基金重大项目(71390331);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(XJS200601)。

摘　　要：为更好地促进政企双方开展应急物资生产能力储备合作,政府和协议企业需对物资的采购定价及生产能力的储备数量进行合理决策。基于此,文章从供应链的角度出发,利用供应链契约中的数量柔性契约建立了生产能力储备模式下的应急物资储备与采购定价模型,并进一步考虑了协议企业存在储备约束的情况。在利用逆序归纳法求解出合作下企业的生产能力储备量及相应的政府采购定价决策后,文章进一步分析了储备周期内灾害事件的发生概率与企业最大储备量约束对双方决策及各自成本收益的影响,为政府的采购定价及企业的储备策略提供了科学依据。此外,文章还给出了约束双方决策时的参数条件,因而也为政府在目标企业的选择方面提供了参考。In recent years,frequent sudden disasters have caused huge economic losses and casualties to our country,which puts forward higher requirements and great challenges for emergency rescue work.In order to rescue timely affected areas after disasters,it is particularly important to strengthen the procurement and reserve management of emergency supplies.At the present stage,physical reserve method is the main way to store emergency supplies.Although the timeliness and security level of this reserve mode is relatively high,the reserve variety and the quantity are often too small to meet governments′disaster relief needs because of its high reserve cost,and it is necessary to maintain and manage supplies periodically,which occupies a large amount of financial funds.To solve the problem,the state calls on all levels of governments actively to cooperate with emergency supply production enterprises to carry out the production capacity reserve of emergency supplies.However,the cooperation effect is not ideal in reality mainly because of the lack of provisions on the purchase price of supplies in the process of cooperation.In the absence of institutional guarantee,on the one hand,it is difficult for the enterprises to decide whether to cooperate with the governments and how much production capacity should be reserved after cooperation.On the other hand,too low or too high procurement prices can damage the governments′interests and sometimes lead to corruption.Therefore,it is difficult for them to establish a normal cooperative relationship.In addition,at the present stage,the research on production capacity reserve of emergency supplies focuses on its advantages and disadvantages,applicability and so on,lacking of the decision-making of the quantity of production capacity reserve and procurement pricing,which cannot provide theoretical support for the decision-making of both sides.In view of the similarity between emergency supplies and general commercial supplies in the perspective of supply chain,the paper studies the

关 键 词：应急物资采购 应急物资储备 生产能力储备 生产能力约束 数量柔性契约 

分 类 号：C934[经济管理—管理学] F224.9