利用SNP芯片进行玉米遗传多样性和群体遗传结构分析及新品种选育  

Analysis on Maize Genetic Diversity and Population Genetic Structure by SNP Chip&Breeding of New Maize Varieties

作　　者：高嵩[1] 刘宏伟[1] 何欢[1] 吕庆雪[1] 周德龙 邢跃先[1] 赵兴彦[2] 张志军[1] 张建新[1] 仲义[1] 夏远峰[1] 宋广树[1] GAO Song;LIU Hong-wei;HE Huan;Lü Qing-xue;ZHOU De-long;XING Yue-xian;ZHAO Xing-yan;ZHANG Zhi-jun;ZHANG Jian-xin;ZHONG Yi;XIA Yuan-feng;SONG Guang-shu(Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130033;Liaoyuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Liaoyuan 136200,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院,长春130033 [2]辽源市农业科学院,吉林辽源136200

出　　处：《玉米科学》2021年第1期39-45,共7页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：吉林省重点科技研发项目(20180201028NY)。

摘　　要：以瑞德群、兰卡斯特群、旅大红骨群、塘四平头群、PA、PB群、热带血缘群7个类群205份自交系为材料,利用6973个高质量SNP标记,进行群体遗传结构、遗传多样性和类群间遗传关系分析。结果表明,205份材料可分为7个类群,主等位基因频率平均值为0.726,基因多样性为平均值为0.344,杂合度观测值平均值为0.274,PIC值平均为0.723。在6973个SNP标记中,有3750个SNP标记基因多样性处于0.45~0.50,占总数的53.8%,具有较高的多态性水平。通过类群划分以及选择田间株型理想且抗性优异的自交系,按照不完全双列杂交设计进行杂交组合配制,选育审定玉米新品种吉单563。Two hundred and five inbred lines from 7 groups,such as Reid group,Lancaster group,LRC group,SPT group,PA,PB group and Tropical group,were used as materials.6973 high quality SNP markers were used to analyze population genetic structure,genetic diversity,and genetic relationship between groups.The results showed that 205 samples could be divided into 7 groups,the average frequency of main alleles was 0.726,the average gene diversity was 0.344,and the average value of heterozygosity was 0.274.The average PIC value of 0.723.In the 6973 SNP markers,3750 SNP marker gene diversity was 0.45-0.50,and 53.8%of the total,which had a high level of polymorphism.Through cluster division and selection of inbred lines with ideal plant type and excellent resistance in the field,hybrid combinations were prepared according to incomplete diallel crossing design,and a new maize variety Jidan563 was selected and approved.

关 键 词：玉米 SNP 类群划分 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S513.035.1[农业科学—作物学]