微生物菌剂拌土对玉米农田土壤细菌群落多样性的影响  

Effect of Clay Treated by Microbial Agents on Soil Bacterial Community Diversity of Maize Field

作　　者：沙月霞[1] 王晨曦 邢敏[1] 王佳娟 李明洋 沈瑞清[1] SHA Yue-xia;WANG Chen-xi;XING Min(Institute of Plant Protection,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750011;School of Life Science,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750004)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所,宁夏银川750011 [2]宁夏大学生命科学院,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第5期138-142,146,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发专项(2017YFD0201606);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2018BBF02018-06)。

摘　　要：为明确微生物菌剂拌土对玉米农田土壤细菌群落多样性的影响。对玉米农田土壤细菌的总DNA提取后,采用微生物多样性测序技术对玉米农田土壤细菌的16S rRNA基因进行了序列测定,分析了2种微生物菌剂拌土后玉米农田土壤细菌群落多样性和结构特征。微生物菌剂M1和M2拌土增加玉米农田土壤中全磷、硝态氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量;对玉米土壤细菌群落多样性有一定程度的影响,丰富度增加,多样性和均匀度降低,检测样本序列数量和细菌群落的OTU(operational taxonomic units)数量显著增加;对土壤细菌群落组成有影响,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的丰度下降,放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的丰度增加,优势菌属放线菌和芽孢杆菌的丰度增加;降低了土壤中引起人类疾病、参与细胞转化的微生物丰度,增加了参与代谢通路的微生物丰度。微生物菌剂拌土会影响玉米农田土壤细菌群落多样性和结构组成,改善土壤营养,增加有益微生物的丰度,进而改善玉米农田生态环境。To understand the microbial diversity of soil bacterial community of maize field treated by microbial agents on clay.High-throughput sequencing technology was adopted to study the microbial community structure and composition of soil bacteria in maize field.DNA of the microbial community of soil bacteria in the maize field was extracted.The bacterial 16S rRNA gene hypervariable region V5-V7 was detected by high-through sequenceing technologies.The contents of soil physicochemical indexes including total phosphorus,nitrate nitrogen,available phosphorus,rapidly available potassium was increased after maize field treated by microbial M1 and M2 on clay,respectively.In addition,the soil bacterial community diversity of maize field was influenced in some random,richness index was higher,diverse and evenness index were lower,and sequence and operational taxonomic units number of samples were increased.The abundance of Proteobacteria was reduced,and the abundance of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were increased.What’s more,the abundance of the dominant bacteria genus containing Actinomycetes and Bacillus were improved evidently.The abundance of soil bacteria which could cause human disease and participate cell transformation was reduced,and that of soil bacteria participating metabolic pathway was higher.The soil bacterial community diversity and structure could be influenced after maize field treated by microbial agents on clay,in addition to enhance soil nutrition,increase abundance of beneficial microorganism,and then improve the ecological environment of maize field.

关 键 词：多样性 土壤细菌群落 微生物菌剂 高通量测序 微生物生态学 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]