1990—2015年内蒙古地表水时空变化特征研究  

Spatiotemporal Variation of Surface Water Resources in Inner Mongolia from 1990 to 2015

作　　者：袁瑞强 青松[1,2] YUAN Ruiqiang;QING Song(College of Geographical Science,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Huhhot 010022,China;Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Huhhot 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院,呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古自治区遥感与地理信息系统重点实验室,呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2021年第2期136-143,共8页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41961057);内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才支持计划项目(NJYT-17-B04);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2019MS04013)联合资助。

摘　　要：【目的】分析1990—2015年内蒙古地表水的时空变化,探究气候和人类活动对地表水的影响。【方法】基于4个典型子区域对6种光谱指数(MNDWI、NDWI、AWEI、MBWI、WI_(2015)和TCW)的性能和稳定性进行评估,分析适合于内蒙古地表水识别和提取的最优水体指数,并将其应用于整个内蒙古地表水研究中。【结果】1990—2015年内蒙古地表水整体呈先减少后增加的趋势,1990—2010年内蒙古地表水面积急剧下降,2010—2015年研究区地表水面积有所上升和恢复。1990—2015年除兴安盟、呼和浩特、乌海呈缓慢增加趋势,其他的9个盟市水体面积均下降。AWEI水体指数阈值稳定,有很好的试用性,更适合于研究区的地表水识别和监测。【结论】影响研究区地表水变化因素复杂多样,整体来看内蒙古地表水面积变化是由于气候和人类活动的双重因素所致,其中人类活动是地表水面积减少、湖泊萎缩的主要影响因素。【Background】Inner Mongolia,located in the arid and semi-arid region of central Eurasia,is the home to numerous lakes,rivers and reservoirs.These surface water resources are of great significance to ecosystem functions but have dwindled significantly over the past few decades due to the combined impacts of anthropogenic activities and climate change,leading to environmental deterioration.Understanding spatiotemporal change in these surface waters and their determinants is hence indispensable for improving water management and restoring functions of ecosystems in this region.【Objective】This paper is to analyze the spatiotemporal changes in surface water in Inner Mongolia from 1990 to 2015,and the impact of climate change and anthropogenic activities.【Method】We divided the whole region into four sub-regions and compared the performance and stability of six spectral indexes:MNDWI,NDWI,AWEI,MBWI,WI_(2015)and TCW,from which we derived an optimal water-body index most suitable for identifying and extracting surface water bodies for evaluation.【Result】The surface water in the region had dwindled steadily from 1990 to 2010 and increased from 2010 to 2015.Except Xing’an League,Hohhot and Wuhai which had seen an increase in surface water resources,surface water in other areas had been in decline during this period.The AWEI water body index threshold was stable and had a good stability and practicality;it was more suitable for identifying and monitoring surface water in this region.【Conclusion】Factors impacting surface waters in Inner Mongolia are complex and diverse,but overall,they can be classified as climatic factors and anthropogenic factors,especially the latter which were the main forces driving down the waters in both rivers and lakes.

关 键 词：地表水 Landsat影像 水体指数 内蒙古 

分 类 号：P962[天文地球—自然地理学]