中国核动力研究设计院外围氚分布特征及所致公众年有效剂量评价  

Tritium distribution characteristics and evaluation of effective public annual dose around China Nuclear Power Institute

作　　者：杜云武[1] 邓晓钦[1] 毛万冲[1] 张莉[1] DU Yunwu;DENG Xiaoqin;MAO Wanchong;ZHANG Li(Sichuan Provincial Radiation Environment Management and Monitoring Center Station,Chengdu 610031)

机构地区：[1]四川省辐射环境管理监测中心站,成都610031

出　　处：《辐射防护》2021年第1期33-38,共6页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：基于2014—2017年中国核动力研究设计院核基地外围环境空气中和水中氚的监督性监测数据,对周围关键居民组各种途径的待积有效剂量进行了粗略的估算。结果表明:地表水上游、下游和饮用水中氚活度浓度差异无统计学意义,表明地表水采样时间可能与液态流出物排放时间错位,或者排放口下游1 km处液态流出物中氚已稀释到本底水平;空气和雨水中氚活度浓度随距离核基地增加而减小。综合楼监测采样点附近居民组中成人、青少年、儿童、幼儿、婴儿经各途径的平均氚摄入量分别为1.52、1.44、1.05、0.681、0.562 kBq/a,待积有效剂量分别为0.0274、0.0261、0.0242、0.0211、0.0269μSv/a。成人组成员所致待积有效剂量最大为0.0274μSv/a,但此待积有效剂量也仅占评价剂量目标值(0.25 mSv/a)的1‰以下。由此可以得出,核基地的核设施在正常运行工况下,对核基地外围环境的影响很小。Based on the monitoring data of tritium in the air and water around the nuclear base of nuclear power institute from 2014 to 2017,the effective doses to be accumulated in various pathways of key residential groups were roughly estimated.The results show that there is no significant difference in tritium activity concentration between the upstream,downstream and drinking water,indicating that the sampling time of surface water may be misplaced with the discharge time of liquid effluent,or the tritium of liquid effluent at 1km downstream of the discharge outlet has been diluted to the background level;the tritium activity concentration in air and rain water decreases with the increase of distance from the nuclear base.The average annual tritium intake of adults,teenagers,children,young children and infants in the residential groups near the complex building was 1.52,1.44,1.05,0.681 and 0.562 kBq/a,respectively.And the annual effective doses to be accumulated were 0.0274,0.0261,0.0242,0.0211 and 0.0269μSv/a respectively.The maximum effective dose of tritium in adult group was 0.0274μSv/a,but it only accounted for less than 1‰of the target dose(0.25 mSv/a).It can be concluded that tritium has little effect on the surrounding environment of nuclear base under normal operation conditions.

关 键 词：核动力院 核基地 氚 剂量评价 

分 类 号：TL75+1[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]