量化考核驱动下科研人员的行动逻辑与组织发展困境  

The Logic of Scientific Research Staff s Action and Developing Dilemma of Organization Driven by Quantitative Assessment

作　　者：刘玲[1,2] 陈诗高 Liu Ling;Chen Shigao(School of Management,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Hainan Institute of Corporate Governance,Haikou 570228,China;Institute of Scientific and Technical Information,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science,Haikou 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学管理学院,海南海口570228 [2]海南省公司治理研究院,海南海口570228 [3]中国热带农业科学院科技信息研究所,海南海口571101

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2021年第3期181-188,共8页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“城市移民乡土情结、‘反哺’行为与宅基地退出障碍研究”(19BGL217);海南省高等学校科学研究项目“社会网络演化条件下的海南服务业员工敬业管理研究”(Hnky2016ZD-3)。

摘　　要：本研究以某研究所为例,从理性选择理论视角探究在施行不同考核制度阶段,科研人员在科研产出与人际关系方面如何行动,以及由此给组织带来的结果。研究发现:对能力较强的科研人员来说,当组织的考核偏好与其效用函数不匹配时,他们有可能“用脚投票”,调离原单位,进入考核偏好与其效用函数相匹配的组织;当组织的考核偏好与其效用函数匹配时,他们会调整自己的精力分配,尽量减少公共事务参与度,集中精力获得更多科研产出。对于其他科研人员来说,虽然他们没有“用脚投票”的能力,但会通过“搞好人际关系”或减少公共事务参与度来实现业绩达标。由此,对组织来说,量化考核虽然避免了科研人员“用脚投票”,产出了相对更多的科研成果,但也陷入了高质量科研成果难以突破、公共事务“公地悲剧”现象等困境。基于此,文章提出改阶梯式定量评价方式为连续型定量评价方式、科学制定不同研究领域的考核周期、限制定量评价结果的使用范围、加强科研服务人员队伍建设、构建公正的第三方评价机制等建议。This study takes one institute as an example,and explores how scientific research staff behave in terms of scientific research output and interpersonal relationships and the results it brings to the organization from the perspective of rational choice theory.The study found that some researchers with strong scientific research ability may“vote with their feet”,move away from the original organization,and enter a new organization when the original organization s assessment preferences do not match their utility functions.On the contrary,if the organization s assessment preferences match its utility function,they will adjust their energy allocation,minimize their participation in public affairs,and concentrate on obtaining more scientific research output.The other researchers who do not have the ability to“vote with their feet”will try to achieve the performance standards by“making good interpersonal relationships”or reducing public participation.As a result,although the organization avoids the scientific researchers’“voting with their feet”and gets relatively more scientific research results by quantitative assessment,it gets into some troubles such as more and more difficult to generate high-quality scientific research results and the public affairs presenting a“tragedy of the commons”phenomena and so on.Based on this,the article proposes to change the stepped quantitative evaluation method to a continuous quantitative evaluation method,formulate the evaluation cycle of different research fields scientifically,limit the scope of using quantitative evaluation results,strengthen the construction of scientific research service staff,and build a fair third-party evaluation mechanism.

关 键 词：量化考核 科研人员 行动逻辑 组织发展困境 

分 类 号：C936[经济管理—管理学]