压实与融化情景下表层积雪性质反演的可行性研究  

Feasibility of Surface Snow Properties Inversion under Compaction and Melting Scenarios

作　　者：郭成久[1] 战明兴 许秀泉[1] 孙雨桐 石昊[1] 米彩红[1] GUO Cheng-jiu;ZHAN Ming-xing;XU Xiu-quan;SUN Yu-tong;SHI Hao;MI Cai-hong(College of Water Conservancy,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水利学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2021年第1期25-31,共7页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41807062,41371272);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFE022900)。

摘　　要：探究积雪光谱反演不同情景下表层积雪性质,可为利用遥感反演技术和加快大面积监测积雪的物理特性提供更丰富的理论和实践参考。积雪的雪水当量与密度是积雪出流、产流的关键指标,对其研究对东北地区春季融雪产流及融雪型土壤侵蚀具有现实意义。选择东北地区自然降雪,通过人工模拟压实、融化试验,得到不同压实程度与不同融化时间的雪样。观测表层积雪的光谱及雪水当量、积雪密度等特征,分析表层积雪光谱发射率与两种积雪性质的关系,探讨利用表层积雪光谱特征反演雪水当量及雪密度的可行性。结果表明:压实和融化两种处理导致雪密度与雪水当量发生改变,二者变化趋势基本一致,融化条件下积雪性质变化幅度更大。利用光谱反射率的一阶微分反演压实条件下积雪的雪水当量与融化条件下积雪的雪水当量精度较高,回归模型的决定系数分别为0.850和0.809;光谱反射率的一阶微分反演压实条件下积雪密度的回归模型决定系数为0.784,精度较高。但融化组积雪密度未能利用光谱特征得到有效反演。两种试验处理下,特征波段存在差异,主要原因是融化较压实具有较高的含水量,导致雪的粒径及孔隙度降低。The properties of surface snow cover under different scenarios were investigated by snow cover spectrum inversion,which could provide a richer theoretical and practical reference for the use of remote sensing inversion technology to accelerate the monitoring of the physical characteristics of snow in a large area.The snow water equivalent and density were the key indicators of snow melt and runoff,and this research had practical significance for spring snowmelt runoff and soil erosion in Northeast China.In this study,natural snowfall in Northeast China was selected.Through artificial simulation of compaction and melting experiments,snow samples with different compaction degrees and different melting times were obtained.The surface snow spectrum,water equivalent,density and other characteristics were observed,and the relationship between surface snow spectral emissivity and two types of snow properties was analyzed.Then the feasibility of using surface snow spectrum characteristics was explored to retrieve snow water equivalent and density.The results showed that the two treatments of compaction and melting led to changes in snow density and water equivalent,and the changing trends of them were basically the same,and the snow properties changed more widely under melting conditions.Using the first-order differential of spectral reflectance to invert the snow water equivalent under compaction conditions and the snow water equivalent under melting conditions,the accuracies of the regression models were 0.850 and 0.809 respectively.The regression model determination coefficient of the first order spectral reflectivity inversion snow density under the compaction condition was 0.784,which has a high accuracy.However,the snow density of the melting group could not be effectively retrieved by using spectral characteristics.Under the two test treatments,the characteristic wavebands were different.The main reason was that melting had a higher water content than compaction,which led to a decrease in snow particle size and po

关 键 词：雪水当量 雪密度 光谱反射率 光谱变换 融雪 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]