基于LANDIS模型的关门山国家森林公园景观动态变化研究  

Research on Landscape Dynamic Change of Guanmenshan National Forest Park Based on LANDIS Model

作　　者：刘平[1] 邹臣丹 刘红民[2] 黄超[3] 董莉莉[2] 汪成成[2] 高英旭[2] LIU Ping;ZOU Chen-dan;LIU Hong-min;HUANG Chao;DONG Li-li;WANG Cheng-cheng;GAO Ying-xu(College of Forestry,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China;Liaoning Academy of Forestry Science,Shenyang 110161,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management,Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学林学院,沈阳110161 [2]辽宁省林业科学研究院,沈阳110032 [3]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林生态与管理重点实验室,沈阳110016

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2021年第1期62-69,共8页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC050410502);辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC1902081)。

摘　　要：了解关门山国家森林公园的森林景观格局动态变化规律,为调控森林资源演替方向和速度,优化森林景观格局提供重要依据。运用空间景观模型LANDIS Pro 7.0和景观格局分析软件Fragstats 4.2模拟关门山国家森林公园未来300年(2018~2318年)的树种斑块面积比、景观聚集度指数、景观多样性指数、景观分维度指数和均匀度等景观指数动态变化。结果表明:落叶松是针叶林的优势树种,栎类是阔叶林的优势树种。从整体来看,落叶松的斑块面积比总体呈现增长趋势。在自然演替下,森林植被将朝着针叶林的方向演替发展;在景观聚集度指数方面,针叶林树种的聚集程度先降低后缓慢升高,阔叶树种中椴树的聚集程度变化相对稳定,呈小幅度变化;榆树是模拟过程中变化幅度最大的树种,白蜡树的聚集程度在整个模拟阶段中不断下降直至演替结束;在模拟的300年中,各个优势树种的景观分维度指数均在1.0~1.1间变化,表明其景观斑块边缘的变化程度均较小且规则;均匀度指数和多样性指数均呈先下降后上升最后缓慢下降的趋势。关门山国家森林公园森林植被在自然演替下最终朝着针叶林方向发展,应及时调控森林植被结构和组成,可以适当对落叶松进行抚育渐伐,优化森林景观格局,使关门山国家森林公园的景观格局变化更加符合公园管理需求,切实保护和开发利用好森林景观资源,促进植物群落健康稳定发展。Understanding the dynamic changes of the forest landscape pattern of Guanmenshan National Forest Park provides an important basisfor regulating the direction and speed offorest resource succession and optimizing the forest landscape pattern.In this study,the spatial landscape model LANDIS Pro 7.0 and the landscape pattern analysis software Fragstats 4.2wereused to simulate the dynamic changes of landscape indexes such astree species patch area ratio,landscape aggregation index,landscape diversity index,landscape fractal dimensionindexand evennes of Guanmenshan National Forest Park in the next 300 years(2018-2318 year).The results show thatlarch is the dominant tree species in coniferous forests,and oaks is the dominant tree species in broad-leaved forests.From an overall perspective,the patch area of larch shows an increasing trend than the overall trend.Under natural succession,the forest vegetation will move towards to the direction of the coniferous forest.In terms of the landscape aggregation index,the concentration of coniferous forest tree species first decreases and then slowly increases.Among the broad-leaved tree species,the concentration of linden trees changes relatively stable,showing small changes.Elm tree is the biggest tree species in the simulationprocess,the degree of aggregation of ash tree continued to decline throughout the simulation stage until the end of succession.During the 300 years of simulation,the landscape fractal dimension index of each dominant tree species varied between 1.0 and 1.1,indicating that the change degree of landscape patchedge is small and regular;both the evenness index and the diversity index show a trend of first decreasing,then increasing and then slowly decreasing.The forest vegetation in Guanmenshan National Forest Park will eventually developtowardsconiferous forests under the natural succession.The structure and composition of forest vegetation should be adjusted in time.Thelarch can be properly cultivated and felled gradually,and the forest landscape pattern c

关 键 词：LANDIS Pro 7.0 自然演替 景观动态 关门山国家森林公园 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学]