桃结果枝压力束缚对树体矿质营养和碳同化产物分配的影响  

Effects of Pressure Treatment on the Distribution of Mineral Nutrition and Carbon Assimilation Products on Peach Fruiting Branches

作　　者：徐功勋 崔晓文 张新昊 秦嗣军[2] 陈修德[1] 肖伟[1] XU Gong-xun;CUI Xiao-wen;ZHANG Xin-hao;QIN Si-jun;CHEN Xiu-de;XIAO Wei(College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian Shandong 271018,China;College of Horticulture,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018 [2]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2021年第1期90-95,共6页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系果品创新团队(SDAIT-06-01);山东省林业科技创新项目(LYCX04-2018-21)。

摘　　要：为增加养分在枝条内积累且避免环割、环剥后流胶的问题,以设施栽培的3年生中油16桃(Prunuspersica L.var.Nectariana Ait)为试材,探究压力束缚及环割对树体矿质元素和同化物分配的影响。试验设置50N,100N,200N的压力束缚和环割共4个处理,以不作任何处理为对照,在果实成熟期进行13C同位素标记,调查流胶率,测定叶片全氮、全磷、全钾含量和可溶性糖含量及淀粉含量,分析不同处理对同化物运输分配规律的影响。结果表明:环割处理的流胶率为86.7%,200N压力处理为13.3%,100N压力处理为6.7%,50N压力处理未发生流胶现象,处理间差异显著。压力束缚处理和环割降低了叶片的氮、磷、钾元素含量,且压力越大,叶片中的氮、磷、钾含量越低。不同压力处理均能提高叶片可溶性糖和淀粉含量,其中环割和200N处理下提高幅度最大。同位素分析结果显示,叶片和果实中13C分配率相比于其他部位较高,1年生枝韧皮部分配率最低,200N和100N压力处理下的果实中13C分配率较高。综上,采用100N压力束缚的方式不仅可以降低流胶率,而且对树体伤害较轻,对叶片矿质营养含量影响较小,同时能够明显促进光合产物在果实中积累。In order to increase the accumulation of nutrients in the branches and avoid the problem of gum flow after girdling,3-year-old nectarine Zhongyou 16(Prunuspersicavar.Nectariana'ZhongYou16')was used as the experimental material to study on the effect of pressure restraint and ring cutting on the distribution of mineral elements and assimilates in trees.Four treatments were set up in this experiment,namely,50N,100N,200N pressure and ring cutting,and without any treatments as control.The13C isotope markers were carried out during fruit ripening.The gum flow rate was investigated,and the contents of total nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,soluble sugar,as well asstarch in peach leaves were determined.At the same time,the effects of different treatments on the transport and distribution of assimilates were analyzed.The results showed that the gum flow rate of girdling treatment was 86.7%,andthe glue flow rate of 200N and 100N pressure treatmentwere13.3% and 6.7%,respectively.But there was no gum flow in the 50N pressure treatment,and the difference between the treatments was significant.Pressure andgirdling treatments reduced the content of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium in peach leaves,and the higher the pressure,the lower the content of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium in peach leaves.Different pressure treatments could increase the content of soluble sugar and starch in peach leaves,especially under girdling and 200N treatment.The results of the isotopic analysis showed that the distribution rate of 13C in leaves and fruits was higher than that in other parts,the distribution rate of phloem part of annual branches was the lowest,and the distribution rate of 13C in fruits under 200N and 100N pressure was higher.According to the comprehensive analysis,the treatment of 100N pressure treatment not only reduced the gum flow rate,but also reduced the damage to the tree body.At the same time,100N pressure treatment had little effect on the mineral nutrition content of leaves,and could significantly promote the accumulatio

关 键 词：设施桃 流胶 同化物分配 压力束缚 矿质元素 

分 类 号：S628[农业科学—园艺学]