直翅目昆虫线粒体基因组的特征及应用  

Characteristics of the Orthoptera Mitogenome and Its Application

作　　者：刘静[1] 边迅 LIU Jing;BIAN Xun(College of Life Sciences,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin Guangxi 541006,China;Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University),Ministry of Education,Guilin Guangxi 541006,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology(Guangxi Normal University),Guilin Guangxi 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林541006 [2]珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西桂林541006 [3]广西珍稀濒危动物生态重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西桂林541006

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期17-28,共12页Journal of Guangxi Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31802000);广西科学基金(2018JJB130032)。

摘　　要：直翅目是不完全变态昆虫中数量最多的一个类群,全世界已知28000种以上。随着分子生物学技术的发展,线粒体基因组因进化速率快、普遍为母系遗传、极少发生重组等特点而被广泛应用于直翅目各个阶元的系统发育和进化研究中。目前,已有223条直翅目线粒体基因组序列被测定并上传至NCBI数据库,其中包括143条蝗亚目线粒体基因组序列和80条螽亚目序列。直翅目昆虫的线粒体基因组大小为16 kb左右,包括37个编码基因和一段控制区,是共价闭合的双链DNA结构,碱基组成有明显的AT偏向性。结合线粒体基因组数据探讨系统发育,有利于解决直翅目系统发生关系和进化方面的问题,但同时也存在研究类群不全面、数据信息发掘不到位等方面的不足。Orthoptera is the largest group of hemimetabolous insects,with more than 28000 known species in the world.With the development of molecular techniques,mitogenomes have been widely used in evolutionary and phylogenetic studies on Orthoptera because of their rapid evolutionary rate,maternal inheritance and infrequent recombination.Up to now,complete mitogenomes of two hundred and twenty-three species of orthopterines have been sequenced and submitted to GenBank database,including 143 species in Caelifera and 80 in Ensifera.The mitogenome of Orthoptera insects is about 16 kb in length,including 37 coding genes and a control region.It is a covalently closed double-stranded structure,and the base composition has an obviously high A+T content.Mitogenome has shown many advantages in addressing the phylogeny and evolution of Orthoptera,but there are also some shortcomings,such as inadequate research groups,lack of data information and so on.

关 键 词：直翅目 线粒体基因组 分子系统学 系统发育 分子进化 

分 类 号：Q961[生物学—昆虫学]