弄岗同域分布赤腹松鼠和红颊长吻松鼠活动节律研究  

Daily Activity Patterns of Two Sympatric Squirrels Callosciurus erythraeus and Dremomys rufigenis in Nonggang,Guangxi,China

作　　者：李友邦[1,2,3] 农娟丽 杨婉琳 赵佳佳 朱琪琪 LI Youbang;NONG Juanli;YANG Wanlin;ZHAO Jiajia;ZHU Qiqi(College of Life Sciences,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin Guangxi 541006,China;Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University),Ministry of Education,Guilin Guangxi 541006,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology(Guangxi Normal University),Guilin Guangxi 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林541006 [2]珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西桂林541006 [3]广西珍稀濒危动物生态重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西桂林541006

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期71-78,共8页Journal of Guangxi Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31460568);国家林业局第二次野生动物调查专项(蜂猴调查)。

摘　　要：动物的活动节律是动物对时间资源利用的重要体现,同域分布物种间对时间利用的差异是物种共存机制之一。为了研究喀斯特石山生境中赤腹松鼠Callosciurus erythraeus和红颊长吻松鼠Dremomys rufigenis的活动节律,进一步探讨这两者的时间生态位分化,2015年9月—2016年10月利用红外相机技术在广西弄岗国家级自然保护区对这2种松鼠的活动节律进行研究,并基于Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和核密度估计法(kernel density estimation)分别计算它们的时间生态位宽度指数与活动节律的重叠程度。结果显示:赤腹松鼠和红颊长吻松鼠的时间生态位宽度分别为0.8451和0.8036,2种松鼠都倾向于昼行性。不同时段获得的独立有效照片数量有显著的变化(赤腹松鼠:t=5.12,df=23,P<0.001;红颊长吻松鼠:t=4.60,df=23,P<0.001)。此外,2种松鼠间的独立有效照片数有显著差异(Z=-2.21,P=0.03)。2种松鼠活动节律曲线的重叠度Δ4为0.8392,日活动节律曲线差异显著(P<0.001),这说明它们在不同时段的活动强度有差异。这种活动节律的差异性,可能是它们减缓竞争,达到共存的生态策略之一。Activity patterns can importantly indicate the utilization resources over time.Studies on activity patterns divergence of sympatric animals shed light on their coexistence mechanism.Activities of two sympatric squirrels Callosciurus erythraeus and Dremomys rufigenis in Guangxi Nonggang National Nature Reserve were studied via camera-trapping during the period from September 2015 to October 2016.Results showed that the time niche breadth index calculated by Shannon-Wiener index of C.erythraeus and D.rufigenis were 0.8451 and 0.8036,respectively.Both species of squirrels were diurnal preference animals.Single independent photographs of the two squirrels obtained in different time period varied significantly(C.erythraeus:t=5.12,df=23,P<0.001;D.rufigenis:t=4.60,df=23,P<0.001).There was significant variation in pictures of the two squirrels taken in different time period(Z=-2.21,P=0.03).Activity overlap indicated by kernel density estimation was 0.8392,and the activity patterns differed significantly from each other(P<0.001)suggesting that the two squirrel species staggered their activity time.It seemed that the two sympatric squirrels species adopt an ecological strategy by diverging their activity to relieve competition,thus to coexist in the same habitat.

关 键 词：红外相机 赤腹松鼠 红颊长吻松鼠 活动节律 核密度估计 生态位分化 喀斯特石山生境 

分 类 号：Q958.122[生物学—动物学]