星土分野说的理论建构与礼乐文化的融合  

Theoretical Construction of“Districting of Constellation and Territory”and the Integration of Ritual and Music Culture

作　　者：王洪军[1] Wang Hongjun

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学文学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2021年第2期32-43,共12页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目“谶纬与汉代诗学研究”(11BZW032)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：星土分野是先民天文观测和偶然历史事件结合的产物,既是周代礼乐文化的有机构成,也是传统史官文化独立发展而备显神秘的一部分。在天命观以及天人感应思想的驱动下,天上星辰等变化牵系着先民敏感的政治神经,识别和判断天象的变化即上天的言说成为"传天数者"的重要责任。于是,天上星区和自然地理区域进行对应,建立起可以识别吉凶祸福的理论体系。如果说上天已经指示了吉凶,而分野的直接目的就是告诉人们是何方、何地,甚至是何人之休咎,然后采取相应的应对方法。古人为了更为准确地判断天意,以人官为依据建立起虚拟的天官系统;从《尚书·尧典》四仲星祭祀开始,五行星、二十八宿、十二次等占星方法出现并逐渐完善,汉代甚至出现了节候、律吕等扩展出来的分野方式。无论是何种分野方式,固然都是唯心的,但其最终目的都是要建立起天人关系的理论图式,为政治为社会为人生服务。Districting of Constellation and Territory(in Chinese"Xingtu Fenye",kind of system whichastronomical phenomena could foretell good or ill luck of earthly events)is the product of the combination of theancestors’astronomical observations and accidental historical events.It is not only an organic constitution of the ritualand music culture(in Chinese Li-Yue)in Zhou Dynasty,but also a part of the independent development of traditionalmysterious historiographer culture.Driven by the concept of destiny and the thoughts of interaction between heaven andmankind,the changes in the sky and stars affect the sensitive political nerves of the ancestors,recognizing and judgingthe changes in celestial phenomena,that is,the omens of the heaven,has become an important responsibility of the"people who have the ability to foretell fate and destiny".Therefore,through the correspondence between constellationand natural geographic regions,a theoretical system that can identify good and bad omens have been established.If thecelestial phenomena has instructed the good and bad events,the direct purpose of the"Districting"is to tell peoplewhere,even who’s involved,and then take corresponding measures.In order to judge the providence more accurately,the ancients established a virtual astronomicial officials system based on human officials;beginning with the FourMid-Season Stars fete in The Book Of History:Yao’s Story,five planets,the twenty-eight lunar mansions and twelvestars appear and gradually complete.In Han Dynasty,there appear expanded methods of"Districting"such as seasonand climate as well as bamboo pitch-pipes.No matter what kind of"Districting"method is adopted,it is of courseidealistic,but its ultimate purpose is to establish a theoretical schema of the relationship between heaven and human,which serves for politics,society and human life.

关 键 词：星土分野 理论建构 礼乐文化 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]