应激状态下大学生心理健康相关影响因素及应对方式  

Analysis of related factors and coping styles of college students'mental health under stress

作　　者：潘苗[1] 张三强[1] 周升生 从痛快 陶梦阳 韩乙丁 侯运生 曹鹏 甄琦 PAN Miao;ZHANG Sanqiang;ZHOU Shengsheng(The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang453002,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院第二附属医院,453002 [2]新乡医学院

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2021年第2期309-313,共5页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：河南省教育厅重点科研项目(编号:15A320008);河南省精神心理临床医学研究中心科研项目;新乡医学院大学生科研创新课题立项。

摘　　要：目的:以新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情作为应激因素,调查疫情下大学生心理健康状况,分析应激状态下大学生心理健康状况的影响因素,制定有效的自助应对方式,为采取大学生心理健康教育提供依据。方法:使用自编一般情况调查表、流调用抑郁自评量表(CES-D)、焦虑自评量表,对3975名大学生进行网络问卷调查,运用spearman相关分析方法及无序多分类Logistic回归模型进行统计分析。结果:502名(12.6%)名大学生可能存在抑郁症状,1066名(26.8%)名大学生肯定有抑郁症状,焦虑情绪发生率是13.9%,其中轻度、中度和重度焦虑发生率分别是12.30%、1.30%、0.30%。相关分析显示:是否存在抑郁症状与疫情信息、生活影响程度、学习影响程度、是否需要心理支援(r=0142,0.205,0.224,0.360;P<0.05)成正相关;焦虑等级与疫情信息、生活影响程度、学习影响程度、是否需要心理支援、抑郁总分(r=0.126,0.134,0.134,0.274,0.496;P<0.05)成正相关,而与疫情发生前是否存在心理疾病(r=-0.103;P<0.05)成负相关。回归分析结果显示:接受负面疫情信息大于正面疫情信息、在家运动时间、对学习影响程度、焦虑标准得分都影响抑郁症状出现;而性别、专业、关注疫情的信息时间及抑郁情绪出现都影响焦虑程度。结论:应激(新冠肺炎疫情为例)对大学生心理健康状况产生一定影响,性别、专业、运动时间、关注疫情信息时间、正/负性信息、学习影响程度及抑郁焦虑等多个因素可能与应激状态下大学生心理变化相关,采取应对方式时,应充分考虑这些因素,制定个体化干预措施。Objective:Taking the epidemic situation of COVID-19as a stressfactor,this paper investigates the mental health status of college students under the epidemic situation,analyzes the influencing factors of college students'mental health status under stress,and formulates effective self-help coping styles,so as to provide a basis for college students'mental health education.Methods:Using self-designed general situation questionnaire,Center for Epidemiological Survey,Depression Scale,and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,a network questionnaire survey was conducted among 3975college students.Spearman correlation analysis and disordered multi-classification Logistic regression model were used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 502(12.6%)college students might have depressive symptoms,and 1066(26.8%)college students definitely had depressive symptoms.The incidence of anxiety was 13.9%.The incidence of mild,moderate and severe anxiety were 12.30%,1.30%and 0.3%,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that the presence of depressive symptoms was positively correlated with epidemic information(r=0142,P<0.05),the degree of influence on life(r=0.205,P<0.05),the degree of influence on learning(r=0.224,P<0.05),and the need for psychological support(r=0.360,P<0.05).Anxiety level was positively correlated with epidemic information(r=0.126,P<0.05),life influence degree(r=0.134,P<0.05),learning influence degree(r=0.134,P<0.05),need of psychological support(r=0.274,P<0.05)and total score of depression(r=0.496,P<0.05),but negatively correlated with the existence of mental illness(r=-0.103,P<0.05)before the outbreak.The results of regression analysis showed that accepting negative epidemic information was greater than positive information,time of exercise at home,degree of influence on learning and anxiety standard score all affected the occurrence of depressive symptoms.Gender,major,information time of paying attention to the epidemic situation and the appearance of depression all affect the degree of anxiety.Conclusion:Stress(COVI

关 键 词：应激状态 大学生 心理健康 应对方式 

分 类 号：R395.9[哲学宗教—心理学]