古代舞蹈史与民族舞蹈学研究的联通共洽(上)  

The Connection between Ancient Dance History and Ethno-dancology(Part One)

作　　者：于平 Yu Ping(China Literature and Art Critics Association,Beijing,100083;Expert Committee of China National Arts Fund;School of Dance,Nanjing Art Institute)

机构地区：[1]中国文艺评论家协会,北京100083 [2]国家艺术基金专家委员会 [3]南京艺术学院舞蹈学院

出　　处：《民族艺术研究》2021年第1期103-118,共16页Ethnic Art Studies

摘　　要：民族舞蹈学的研究对象通常是那些活态的、自然传承的、作为活动而非作品的舞蹈。是否"活态"是民族舞蹈学与古代舞蹈史研究对象的根本区别。中国古代舞蹈史研究的对象,就总体状态而言也是"非作品"的——它们不是现代意义上由舞蹈艺术家心志表现的"自觉创作"。在这一点上,古代舞蹈史与民族舞蹈学的研究有共通之处。首先,库尔特·萨克斯的《世界舞蹈史》可以看作是以历史脉络梳理的"民族舞蹈学",其本质是通过"差异性"展示"梯级性";其次,甲骨卜辞的表意内涵印证了库尔特·萨克斯"舞蹈实际上就是拔高了的简朴生活",从甲骨卜辞入手开始中国古代舞蹈史的研究,本身也就进入了"民族舞蹈学"的研究视域;再次,在对先秦至两汉时期乐舞的代表性研究主要有《诗经》中的"舞蹈"、屈原的《九歌》和傅毅的《舞赋》,研究者"根据既定事实从所掌握的特征辨别出舞蹈本来面貌"的重要性,体现出对"古代舞蹈史"研究的价值,一个重要的方面在于它们事实上也是"民族舞蹈学"视域的研究。The research objects of ethno-dancology are usually those dances that are living,inherited naturally,and activities rather than staged art works.The fundamental difference between the research object of ethno-dancology and ancient dance history is whether there are in"living status"or not.Generally speaking,the research objects of ancient Chinese dance history are also"non-art works"as they are not"conscious creation"of dance artists in the modern sense.In this regard,ancient dance history and ethno-dancology share something in common.First of all,Curt Sachs’History of World Dance can be regarded as"ethno-dancology"sorted out in historical context,and its essence is to show"hierarchy"through"difference".Secondly,the ideographic connotation of oracle bone inscriptions confirms Curt Sachs’s statement that"dance is actually a promoted version of simple life".Starting from oracle bone inscriptions,the study of ancient Chinese dance history has entered the field of"ethno-dancology".Thirdly,the representative studies of music and dance in pre-Qin to Han Dynasties mainly include"dance"in The Book of Songs,Qu Yuan’s Nine Odes and Fu Yi’s Wu Fu.The importance that researchers"discover the original appearance of dance according to the established facts"reflects the value of research on"ancient dance history",so that an important aspect is that these are actually the study objects of"ethno-dancology".

关 键 词：古代舞蹈史 民族舞蹈学 联通共洽 库尔特·萨克斯 甲骨卜辞 《诗经》 

分 类 号：J709[艺术—舞蹈]