速度对奥运会470级帆船船体阻力和压力分布的影响  

Effect of Speed on the Resistance and Pressure Distribution for 470 Class Yacht

作　　者：张志勇[1,2] 马勇 蔺世杰[4] ZHANG Zhiyong;MA Yong;LIN Shijie;无(Key Laboratory of Sport Technology Analysis and Skills Assessment of General Administration of Sport of China,Xi'an Physical Education University,Xi'an 710068,China;School of Aerospace Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 430079,China;School of Sports Engineering and Information Technology,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,China;PE Department,Northwest Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西安体育学院国家体育总局运动技术分析与诊断重点实验室,西安710068 [2]西安交通大学航天航空学院,西安710068 [3]武汉体育学院体育工程与信息技术学院,武汉430079 [4]西北工业大学体育部,西安710072

出　　处：《西安体育学院学报》2021年第1期124-128,共5页Journal of Xi'an Physical Education University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51679183,51279154);武汉体育学院东湖学者计划资助项目;2019年度陕西高校青年创新团队(陕教90号附件)。

摘　　要：目的得到航速对于470级帆船船体的阻力大小影响的系列规律,增加运动员对帆船船体水动力性能认识,更加高效操纵帆船。方法利用计算流体动力学方法,湍流模式采用RNG k-ε湍流模型,运用SIMPLE算法进行求解,空间离散格式采用二阶迎风格式,边界条件均设置为速度入口、压力出口,数值模拟了速度为2 m/s、4 m/s、6 m/s、8 m/s、10 m/s等5种工况下帆船船体水动力性能,分析不同航速条件下船体的阻力和压力分布。结果船体受到的阻力随航速的增大而增大,在阻力增大趋势线中低航速条件下阻力变化斜率较小、高航速条件下阻力斜率较大。根据趋势线确定阻力与航速的乘幂公式,可以预测不同航速条件下船体在不考虑兴波条件下的船体所受到的阻力大小。研究中不同航速对船体压力分布的规律基本一致,造成的影响主要体现在船体不同部位受力的值上,不同航速对船体船首局部压力造成的影响差异很大。船体考虑兴波时压力分布规律影响差异较大,在不考虑兴波时航速对船体压力分布规律影响较小。结论航速对于船体的阻力大小影响较大,船体阻力随航速的增大而增大;船体阻力随航速变化可以用乘幂公式拟合;船体的兴波对船体阻力分布规律影响不可忽略。Objective The rules of the influence of the speed on the resistance of the hull for 470 Class are obtained to increase the athletes′understanding of the hydrodynamic performance of the hull of the ship,which will help the athletes′control the sailing ship more efficiently.Methods The RNG k-εturbulence model,the SIMPLE algorithm,and the second-order upwind style for the spatial discrete format were used to obtain the hydrodynamic performance of the hull for 470 Class yacht based on the computational fluid dynamics(CFD).The boundary conditions were set to the velocity inlet and pressure outlet.The hydrodynamic performance of the ship hull is simulated when the speed of the hull 2 m/s,4 m/s,6 m/s,8 m/s,10 m/s,and the resistance and pressure distribution of the hull at different speeds are analyzed.Results The resistance of the hull increases with the increase of the speed,and Less resistance of the hull change at low speeds,but it changes rapidly at high speeds.According to the trend line approximation method,the power formula of resistance and speed can be used to predict the resistance of the hull at different speeds without considering the wave-making conditions.The law of hull pressure distribution at different speeds are basically the same.The difference is mainly reflected in the resistance value of different parts of the hull,and the effect of different speeds on the local pressure of the bow of the hull is very different.The influence of ship speed on the distribution of ship pressure is less when the wave-making is not considered.Conclusion The speed has a great influence on the resistance of the hull.The resistance of the hull increases with the increase of the speed.The hull resistance with the speed can be fitted by a power formula.It′s cannot be ignored that the influence of the wave on the resistance of the hull.

关 键 词：470级帆船 船体 速度 阻力 压力分布 

分 类 号：G816.482.1[文化科学—体育学]