周原庙祭甲骨族属问题再探讨  

Another Discussion on the Origin of Inscriptions on Oracle Bones in Zhouyuan Mortuary Temple

作　　者：杜勇[1] 李玲玲[2] Du Yong;Li Lingling

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学历史文化学院,天津300387 [2]河南省社会科学院历史与考古研究所,郑州450002

出　　处：《历史研究》2020年第6期173-187,M0008,共16页Historical Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“多卷本《西周史》”(17ZDA1789)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：周原庙祭甲骨族属的争议,迄未达成共识。细审卜辞内容,辞中“周方伯”是指商王册伐西伯文王,而“西有正”及“不左于王受有祐”作为贞辞,是周人预测战争结果,祈望西土周邦没有灾咎,神灵不佐助兴兵伐周的殷纣王。纣王虽是告庙祭祀的主人,但并不是卜甲的辞主。辞主应是关心战争是否祸及西土的周人或西伯文王。周原庙祭甲骨作为周卜辞,反映了殷周之间战和不定的状态。后来殷周矛盾愈演愈烈,周人联合反殷力量,最终推翻了殷纣王的统治,重开历史新局。Controversies about the origin of inscriptions on oracle bones in Zhouyuan Mortuary Temple have not yet come to a conclusion.Carefully studying contents of oracle inscriptions,“Zhou Fangbo”therein should refer to King Wen of Xibo who was warred by the King of Shang Dynasty,and“Xi You Zheng(a good result in the west)”as well as“expecting a sign that the King is blessed by the Heaven”as inscriptions were predictions of Shang people for wars,praying no disasters in Zhou country and no lucks by immortals for King Zhou of Shang who waged wars against Zhou.The King Zhou,though a master of sacrificing,was not the subject of oracle tortoise shell.The subject should be Zhou people or King Wen who cared about whether wars would caused harms in west,not involving King Zhou.Inscriptions on oracle bones in Zhouyuan Mortuary Temple in the Zhou Dynasty refl ect an opposite situation between Shang and Zhou who always fought against each other.Then,bilateral confl icts became more intense,Zhou people cooperating with all forces against Shang and fi nally overturning the governance of the King Zhou,starting a new historical stage.

关 键 词：周原 庙祭甲骨 周文王 殷纣王 

分 类 号：K223[历史地理—历史学] K224[历史地理—中国史] K877.1