基于KASP标记的贵州禾群体遗传多样性与结构分析  

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Study of Guizhou He Based on KASP Marker

作　　者：吴娴 徐海峰 张志斌 王倩[3] 宫彦龙 张习春 龙思芳[4] 罗秦欢 宋莉[1] 王忠妮 朱速松[2] Wu Xian;Xu Haifeng;Zhang Zhibin;Wang Qian;Gong Yanlong;Zhang Xichun;Long Sifang;Luo Qinhuan;Song Li;Wang Zhongni;Zhu Susong(Guizhou Key Lab of Agricultural Bioengineering,Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education),College of Life Sciences,Guizhou University,Guiyang,550025;Guizhou Rice Research Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,550006;School of Life sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,550001;Qiannan Medical College for Nationalities,Duyun,558000)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学生命科学学院,山地植物资源保护与种质创新教育部重点实验室,贵州省农业生物工程重点实验室,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省农业科学院水稻研究所,贵阳550006 [3]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵阳550001 [4]黔南民族医学高等专科学校,都匀558000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2021年第4期1345-1353,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0100402);国家自然科学基金委员会-贵州省人民政府喀斯特科学研究中心项目(U1812401);贵州省科技平台及人才团队计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2017]5719号,黔科合平台人才[2018]5620号);贵州省后补助计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2018]5263号);贵州省现代农业产业技术体系建设(GZCYTX2020-0602)共同资助。

摘　　要：贵州禾是贵州省特有的一种原生态水稻(Oryza sativa L.),目前对其历史形成过程尚不清楚。因此,本研究选择了121份贵州禾资源和其他地区194份水稻品种,利用120个KASP标记对其遗传多样性和群体结构进行了研究。遗传多样性研究结果表明,贵州禾遗传多样性较为丰富,具有较多的多态性位点数和观测等位基因数。遗传距离结果表明贵州禾与贵州地方粳稻遗传距离最小为0.0197,遗传一致度最高为0.9805;贵州禾与江苏地方粳稻遗传距离和遗传一致度分别为0.0276,0.9727次之。群体结构分析表明当K=3时,90%的贵州禾群体单独聚为一类,而且绝大多数属于粳稻,主要与江苏地方粳稻和贵州地方粳稻聚为一大类。本研究表明贵州禾区别于其他地方粳稻,具有独特的遗传结构,与贵州及江苏地方粳稻的亲缘关系更为密切。本研究结果对了解贵州禾的群体结构及与其他地区水稻品种的亲缘关系,以及探讨贵州禾起源提供一定的理论指导。Guizhou He is a special kind of original ecological rice(Oryza sativa L.)landraces of Guizhou Province.However,its historical formation process is still unclear.In view of this,we selected 121 Guizhou He and 194 other rice varieties,and used 120 KASP(Kompetitive allele-specific PCR)marker data to study its genetic diversity and population structure.The results of this study showed that the number of alleles observed in Guizhou He was high and the genetic diversity was rich.The genetic distance between Guizhou He and Guizhou japonica landraces was the minimum of 0.0197.The highest genetic uniformity was 0.9805,followed by Jiangsu japonica landraces with 0.0276 and 0.9727,respectively.The analysis of population structure showed that when the optimal subgroup number was 3,90%of Guizhou He were grouped into one category,and the vast majority belongs to japonica,with Jiangsu japonica and Guizhou japonica.This study showed that Guizhou He had a relatively independent genetic structure,which was different from the genetic structure of other japonica,and had a closer genetic relationship with Guizhou and Jiangsu japonica.This project studied the population structure of Guizhou He and its relationship with rice varieties in other regions,which is useful for exploring Guizhou He's origin and evolution.

关 键 词：贵州禾 遗传多样性 群体结构 KASP标记 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]