秸秆炭、硅钾肥对旱地土壤有机碳组分及小麦产量的影响  

Effects of Straw Carbon and Silicon-potassium fertilizers on Soil Organic Carbon Components and Wheat Yield in Dryland

作　　者：张奇茹 刘冰[2] 谢英荷 李廷亮[1,3,4] 李顺[1] 姜丽伟 窦露 柳玉凤 ZHANG Qiru;LIU Bing;XIE Yinghe;LI Tingliang;LI Shun;JIANG Liwei;DOU Lu;LIU Yufeng(CollegeofResources and Environment,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China;Taiyuan City LandscapingProject Quality Supervision Station,Taiyuan 030002,China;National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Centerof Agricultural Resources and Environment,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China;Shanxi ProvincialSoil and Fertilizer Postgraduate Education Innovation Center,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷030801 [2]太原市园林绿化工程质量监督站,山西太原030002 [3]山西农业大学农业资源与环境国家级实验教学示范中心,山西太谷030801 [4]山西农业大学山西省土壤肥料研究生教育创新中心,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2021年第3期332-337,共6页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200401)。

摘　　要：研究秸秆炭、硅钾肥对旱地土壤有机碳组分及小麦产量的影响,为土壤肥力的持续提升提供合理施肥依据。通过长期大田试验,研究了农户施肥、测控施肥、测控+秸秆炭、测控+硅钾肥处理下的土壤活性有机碳组分(包括水溶、可溶、易氧化、微生物、轻组组分)、缓效(颗粒)有机碳组分、惰性(重组)有机碳组分及小麦产量的变化。结果表明,经秸秆炭处理的土壤水溶性有机碳、重组有机碳、颗粒有机碳含量与农户施肥处理相比分别提高86.8%、21.8%、66.4%,微生物量碳含量比测控施肥处理提高99.4%,小麦产量与农户施肥处理、测控施肥处理相比分别提高44.3%、54.3%;硅钾肥处理的土壤重组有机碳含量比农户施肥处理提高16.3%;但秸秆炭与硅钾肥对于土壤易氧化有机碳、可溶性有机碳、轻组有机碳含量均无显著影响。秸秆炭对水溶性有机碳、微生物量碳、重组有机碳、颗粒有机碳含量以及小麦产量有提升作用,硅钾肥仅对重组有机碳含量有显著提升作用。总体上,秸秆炭对土壤肥力及小麦产量有提升作用,适合在当地推广应用。The effects of straw carbon and silicon-potassium fertilizers on soil organic carbon components and wheat yield in drylands were studied to provide a rational fertilization basis for continuous improvement of soil fertility.Long term field experiments were conducted to study the changes of soil active organic carbon components(including water-soluble,soluble,easily oxidizable,microorganisms,light components),slow effective(granular)organic carbon components,inert(recombinant)organic carbon components and wheat yield under farmer fertilization,measurement and control fertilization,measurement and control+straw carbon,measurement and control+silicon potassium fertilizer.The result showed that the content of water-soluble organic carbon,recombined organic carbon and particulate organic carbon of the soil treated with straw carbon increased by 86.8%,21.8%and 66.4%,respectively,compared with the farmers fertilization treatment,and the content of microbial carbon increased by 99.4%compared with the measurement and control fertilization treatment,the wheat yield increased by 44.3%and 54.3%,respectively,compared with the farmers fertilization treatment and measurement and control fertilization treatment.The content of reorganized organic carbon in the soil treated by silicon-potassium fertilizer was 16.3%higher than that of farmer fertilization treatment.However,straw carbon and silicon-potassium fertilizer had no significant effect on soil easily oxidized organic carbon,soluble organic carbon,and light organic carbon.Straw carbon can improve water-soluble organic carbon,microbial carbon,recombined organic carbon,particulate organic carbon and wheat yield.Silicon-potassium fertilizer can only significantly improve the content of reorganized organic carbon.In general,straw carbon can improve soil fertility and wheat yield,and is suitable for local promotion and application.

关 键 词：旱地小麦 有机碳组分 秸秆炭 硅钾肥 产量 

分 类 号：S158.5[农业科学—土壤学]