重庆地区基于榨菜叶还田特色的水稻-榨菜轮作体系磷肥高效施用技术规程  

Technical regulations for efficient application of phosphate fertilizer in Chongqing rice-mustard rotation system based mustard leaves returning

作　　者：杨丽丽 高升升 郭涛[1] 石孝均 张勇[1] YANG Lili;GAO Shengsheng;GUO Tao;SHI Xiaojun;ZHANG Yong(College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400700,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400700

出　　处：《磷肥与复肥》2021年第2期46-48,共3页Phosphate & Compound Fertilizer

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0200200/2017YFD0200206)。

摘　　要：水稻-榨菜轮作是重庆涪陵地区最普遍的种植模式,其施磷习惯为榨菜季过量施磷,水稻季因菜叶还田而不施磷肥。针对该地区榨菜季磷肥投入过量、利用率低下,水稻季菜叶碳激发磷素活化但磷肥径流损失严重等问题,根据目标产量和养分平衡法确定了榨菜季磷肥适宜用量,进一步通过集成磷肥形态匹配、启动磷、菜叶碳激发磷素活性等技术,构建适合重庆榨菜叶还田特色的水稻-榨菜生产磷肥高效施用技术。对该技术的操作性提出了相应规范,包括磷肥种类、磷肥用量、菜叶还田方法及配套技术。Rice-mustard rotation is a most typical planting system in Fuling district of Chongqing,and its traditional fertilization is that excess P fertilization is applied in mustard season but no P application in rice season due to mustard leaves returning.The optimum P fertilization is proposed for mustard cultivation based on the nutrient balance method and target yield to resolve local disadvantages of P fertilization,such as excess input,inefficient utilization and runoff lost,and established this technical regulations for annual efficient P fertilization in rice-mustard rotation system by integrating several techniques,including of matching different forms of P fertilizer to mustard growth,initiate P and stimulating P by carbon input from mustard leaves.The correlative specification are put forward for the operation of the technology,including the type and amount of phosphate fertilizer,the method of mustard leaves returning and its supporting technology.

关 键 词：水稻-榨菜轮作 榨菜叶还田 磷肥种类 养分平衡 

分 类 号：TQ442[化学工程—化学肥料工业] S147[农业科学—肥料学]