页岩气藏裂缝表征与建模技术应用现状及发展趋势  

Current situation and development trend of fracture characterization and modeling techniques in shale gas reservoirs

作　　者：商晓飞 龙胜祥[1] 段太忠[1] SHANG Xiao-fei;LONG Sheng-xiang;DUAN Tai-zhong(Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,SINOPEC,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《天然气地球科学》2021年第2期215-232,共18页Natural Gas Geoscience

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:41702359);国家科技重大专项(编号:2016ZX05033003-002)联合资助.

摘　　要：页岩气藏的品质和产量高低直接取决于裂缝的发育程度,特别是在规模化压裂开发中,天然裂缝和水力压裂缝都起了相当大的作用,对页岩气藏裂缝定性、定量化表征和地质建模技术发展的需求愈发强烈。页岩气藏天然裂缝主要有构造缝与非构造缝两大成因类型,前者主要受构造应力等外因控制,后者多受岩矿组成等内因控制,不同尺度裂缝的主要表征参数和预测技术有所差异。页岩气藏天然裂缝模型主要针对大、中尺度裂缝进行分步建立,水力压裂缝模型多在数值模拟方面研究较为深入。考虑当前及未来的技术与生产需求,从多元信息应用、多技术融合、多学科交叉等方面提出并论述了页岩气藏天然和人工2类裂缝建模技术的攻关方向,即多尺度多方法融合的天然裂缝表征与建模、正反演多信息约束的水力压裂缝建模。结合地质—工程一体化建模理念,从模型类型、数据整合和模型融合3个方面对页岩气藏地质模型的内在关系和发展趋势进行了探讨,以期对国内页岩气藏高效开发有所帮助。The quality and production of shale gas are directly dependent on the development of fractures.Espe⁃cially in the large-scale fracturing development,natural and hydraulic fractures play a significant role.There⁃fore,there is a growing demand for the quantitative characterization of shale gas reservoir fractures and the de⁃velopment of geological modeling technology.The natural fractures of shale gas reservoirs are mainly composed of structural fractures and non-structural fractures.The former is mainly controlled by external factors such as tectonic stress,while the latter is controlled by internal factors such as rock and mineral composition.The main characterization parameters and prediction techniques of fractures of different scales are various.Natural fracture models for shale gas reservoirs are mainly aimed at largescale and mesoscale fractures,which are respectively established.Hydraulic fracture modeling is more deeply studied in numerical simulation.Considering the current and future technology and production requirements,this paper puts forward and discusses the key directions of natural and hydraulic fracture modeling in shale gas reservoirs from the aspects of multi-information application,multi-technology integration and multi-discipline crossing.Natural fractures require multi-scale and multi-meth⁃od fusion characterization and modeling.Hydraulic fracturing requires the fusion of multiple information con⁃straints of forward and inverse simulation.Furthermore,combined with the concept of geology-engineering inte⁃grated modeling,this paper discusses the inner relationship and development of the geological model of shale gas reservoir from three aspects of model type,data integration and model fusion,so as to guide the efficient de⁃velopment of shale gas reservoirs in China.

关 键 词：页岩气藏 裂缝表征 地质建模 天然裂缝 水力压裂缝 

分 类 号：TE122.23[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]