安徽省江淮丘陵地区3个长山核桃品种的光合特性  

Comparison of the photosynthetic physiological characteristics of three pecan cultivars in Jianghuai hilly region,Anhui Province

作　　者：王陆军[1] 周米生[1] 蔡新玲[1] 沈军城 肖莉 王辰 杜杰 胡方伟 杨蓉 刘西军[3] WANG Lujun;ZHOU Misheng;CAI Xinling;SHEN Juncheng;XIAO Li;WANG Chen;DU Jie;HU Fangwei;YANG Rong;LIU Xijun(Anhui Academy of Forestry,Hefei 230031;Anhui Shunyuan Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 231137;School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036)

机构地区：[1]安徽省林业科学研究院,合肥230031 [2]安徽省顺源农业有限公司,合肥231137 [3]安徽农业大学林学与园林学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2020年第6期931-937,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：十三五国家科技支撑子课题项目(2015BAD07B050303)资助。

摘　　要：为探讨安徽省江淮丘陵地区长山核桃结果期的光合特性及差异性,利用Li-6400便携式光合作用测定仪对波尼(Pawnee)、马汉(Mahan)和威奇塔(Wichita)3个主栽品种的光合指标进行了测定。结果表明:3个品种的Pn、Gs和Tr日变化曲线均呈不对称双峰型,Ci日变化曲线呈不规则倒“W”型;Pn日变化平均值大小依次为威奇塔>马汉>波尼,说明威奇塔的光合利用能力要强于马汉和波尼;WUE日变化平均值由大到小顺序依次为威奇塔、波尼及马汉,说明马汉抗旱能力要弱于其他品种;威奇塔的最大净光合速率(Amax)和光饱和点(LSP)分别为14.708和1973.75μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),显著高于其他品种(P<0.05),光补偿点(LCP)则显著低于其他品种(P<0.05),表明威奇塔对光的利用范围广,且对弱光环境的适应性强,栽培范围广;3个品种的表观量子效率(AQY)和暗呼吸速率(Rd)无显著差异性(P>0.05);相关分析和通径分析表明,光合有效辐射(PAR)和大气CO_(2)浓度是影响3个长山核桃品种Pn日变化的主要因素。研究结果将帮助确定冠层光截存的最优水平,为长山核桃结果期发展冠层管理实践提供依据。In order to explore the photosynthetic characteristics in fruiting period of pecan,we measured the photosynthetic indices of 10-year-old grafted pecan plants of three pecan main cultivars(Pawnee,Mahan and Wichita)grown in Jianghuai hilly region of Anhui Province using Li-6400 portable photosynthesis systems.The results were as follows.The morphological trait of net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(GS)and transpiration rate(Tr)of three cultivars showed a strong asymmetric and bimodal distribution,while intercellular CO_(2)concentration(Ci)showed an irregular inverted"W"pattern with two peaks at 10:00 and 16:00.The order of three diurnal average values of WUE in pecan from the highest to the lowest was Wichita,Pawnee and Mandan,showing that the drought resistance of Mahan was weaker than that of other cultivars.Wichita had the maximum net photosynthetic rate(Amax)and light saturation point(LSP)with 14.708 and 1973.75μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),separately,which were significantly higher than those of the other two cultivars(P<0.05).However,the light compensation point(LCP)of Wichita was significantly lower than other two cultivars(P<0.05),which indicated that Wichita had the highest light use efficiency and photosynthetic rate under the low light environment.There was not significant difference in both apparent quantum yield(AQY)and dark respiration rate among three cultivars(P>0.05).The correlation analysis and path analysis showed that photosynthetically available radiation(PAR)and the CO_(2)concentration were the main impact factors.These results would help determine the optimal levels of canopy light interception and develop canopy management practices.

关 键 词：长山核桃 光合特性 日变化 光合-光响应曲线 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S664.101[农业科学—果树学] S718.43[农业科学—园艺学]