闽江流域典型自然保护区森林丧失的时空动态分析  

Spatio-temporal dynamics in the forest loss of the typical naturereserves in the Minjiang River Basin

作　　者：严绍裕[1] 刘爽 YAN Shaoyu;LIU Shuang(Fujian Forestry Vocational Technical College,Nanping 353000;College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002)

机构地区：[1]福建林业职业技术学院,南平353000 [2]福建农林大学林学院,福州350002

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2020年第6期949-954,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41201100)资助。

摘　　要：以闽江流域5个典型的国家级自然保护区为研究对象,基于ArcGIS将保护区划分为核心区、缓冲区和参照区3种不同区域,分析各区域2000—2017年历年森林丧失动态变化规律。在此基础上,对5个国家级自然保护区核心区的保护效率和缓冲区的森林“泄漏”进行评价。结果表明:(1)从总体上看,闽江流域5个国家级自然保护区核心区的保护效果理想,表现为在研究期间核心区的森林丧失率(0.51%)远低于缓冲区的森林丧失率(5.39%)和参照区的森林丧失率(7.71%);缓冲区森林丧失率与参照区森林丧失率比值也均小于1,这说明缓冲区未发生森林“泄漏”;森林丧失率的拐点出现在与自然保护区边界距离2 km处。(2)从时间动态变化上看,不同区域的森林丧失率呈现随着时间的推移先升后降的趋势,在2008和2009年处达到峰值。(3)从保护区个体及其时间动态变化上看,5个自然保护区的缓冲区则存在不同程度的森林“泄漏”现象。其中,武夷山和闽江源国家级自然保护区的缓冲区森林“泄漏”集中出现在2008、2009和2011年;戴云山国家级自然保护区缓冲区的森林“泄漏”在2010—2017年之间均有出现;闽江河口湿地国家级自然保护区缓冲区的森林“泄漏”集中在2013—2016年之间。而汀江源国家级自然保护区缓冲区的森林“泄漏”现象比较严重,几乎在整个研究期间2001—2017均有“泄漏”现象发生。Taking five national nature reserves in the Minjiang River Basin as cases,we divided the protected areas into three different zones based on ArcGIS,including the core area,the buffer zone and the reference area,to explore the dynamic changes of forest loss in each zone from 2000 to 2017.On this basis,we further evaluated the protection efficiency of the core areas of the five reserves and the forest“leakage”phenomenon in the buffer zone.The results showed that:(1)In general,the core areas of the five national nature reserves in the Minjiang River Basin were protected effectively,because the forest loss rate in the core areas during the study period(0.51%)were much lower than those in the buffer zones(5.39%)and in the reference areas(7.71%);the ratio of the forest loss rate in the buffer zone to that in the reference zone was less than 1,indicating that there was no forest“leakage”in the buffer zone;the inflection point of the forest loss rate appeared in 2 km away from the boundary of the reserves.(2)From the perspective of time dynamics,the forest loss rates in different regions all showed a trend of rising firstly and then decreasing with time,reaching the peak values in 2008 and 2009.(3)From the perspective of the dynamic changes of the individual and its temporal dynamics in the protected area,there were different levels of forest“leakage”in the buffer zones of the five nature reserves.Of which,the forest"leakage"appeared in the buffer zone of Wuyishan and Minjiangyuan National Nature Reserves in 2008,2009 and 2011,in the buffer zone of Daiyunshan National Nature Reserve between 2010 and 2017 and in the buffer zone of the Minjiang River Estuary Wetland National Nature Reserve between 2013-2016.The forest"leakage"phenomenon in the buffer zone of the Tingjiangyuan National Nature Reserve was relatively serious,occurring during the entire study period from 2001 to 2017.

关 键 词：自然保护区 缓冲区 森林“泄漏” 闽江流域 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]