有机肥部分替代化肥和秸秆还田对双季稻产量、养分吸收及土壤肥力的影响  

Effects of organic partial replacement of inorganic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers with straw returning on yield,nutrient absorption and soil fertility of double-cropping rice

作　　者：孙志祥 李敏[2,3] 韩上 卜容燕 王慧 程文龙 李佩 唐杉 武际[2,3] 朱林 SUN Zhixiang;LI Min;HAN Shang;BU Rongyan;WANG Hui;CHENG Wenlong;LI Pei;TANG Shan;WU Ji;ZHU Lin(School of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036;Soil and Fertilizer Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230031;Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrient Recycling,Resources and Environment,Hefei 230031)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥230036 [2]安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,合肥230031 [3]养分循环与资源环境安徽省重点实验室,合肥230031

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2020年第6期1012-1016,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201503122);安徽省科技重大专项(17030701055);安徽省农业科学院科技创新团队项目(2019YL044);安徽省国际科技合作项目(1604b0602022)资助。

摘　　要：为了探讨有机肥部分替代化肥和秸秆还田对双季稻产量、养分吸收和土壤养分的影响,以期为双季稻区有机物料合理利用提供技术支撑。2017—2018年度在安徽省江淮水稻主产区布置田间试验。试验设置4个处理,分别为:不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(F)、有机肥部分替代化肥(FM)、单施化肥+秸秆还田(FS)。结果表明,施肥可以显著提高早、晚稻及周年稻谷产量。有机肥部分替代化肥处理、秸秆还田处理与单施化肥相比,2017年产量没有明显差异,2018年早、晚稻产量分别增加6.27%、9.79%和10.11%、9.81%。与单施化肥相比,有机肥部分替代化肥和秸秆还田处理均提高双季稻地上部对N、P2O5、K2O的积累量,且主要表现在晚稻季,有机肥部分替代化肥施用效果优于秸秆还田。有机肥部分替代化肥和秸秆还田处理2年后,与单施化肥相比,有效磷含量显著提高68.93%和57.77%。综上所述,有机肥部分替代化肥和秸秆还田能保证安徽江淮丘陵区双季稻高产,并且能够培肥地力,有利于土壤可持续利用。This study was analyzed by the effects of organic partial replacement of inorganic fertilizers and straw returning on the double-season rice yield,absorption of nourishment and soil nutrient to afford the technical support of the rational use of organic matter in double-season rice areas.Field experiments were conducted in major double-season rice areas in the Jianghuai of Anhui Province in 2017-2018.The experiments were set with four treatments,including non-fertilization(CK),single application of inorganic fertilizer(F),organic partial replacement of inorganic fertilizers(FM),and inorganic fertilizer with straw returning(FS).The results showed that the increase the early,late rice and annual rice yield were improved by the fertilization dramatically.There was no significant difference of the yield of the early,late rice between the treatments of F,FM and FS in 2017,yet the early and late rice production of FM and FS was higher than that of F by 6.27%、9.79%and 10.11%、9.81%in 2018,respectively.Compared with F,FM and FS both increased the accumulation of N,P2O5 and K2O in the above-ground portion of double-cropping rice,which was mainly reflected in the late rice season,After 2 years of FM and FS,the available phosphorus content increased significantly by 68.93%and 57.77%compared with that of F.In conclusion,FM and FS can ensure the high yield of double-cropping rice in the hilly region of Jianghuai,Anhui Province,and increase soil fertility,which is conducive to the sustainable utilization of soil.

关 键 词：双季稻 产量 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S511.420.62[农业科学—作物学]