120m南极磷虾拖网渔船制冷系统设计  

Design of refrigeration system for 120m Antarctic krill trawler

作　　者：李兰兰 赵明浩 王亚宁 Li Lanlan;Zhao Minghao;Wang Yaning(Weihai Ocean Vocataonal College,Weihai 264300,China;Huanghai Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd.,Weihai 264309,China)

机构地区：[1]威海海洋职业学院,威海264300 [2]黄海造船有限公司,威海264309

出　　处：《低温与超导》2020年第12期91-95,共5页Cryogenics and Superconductivity

基　　金：山东省高等学校科技计划项目(J17KB125)资助。

摘　　要：随着南极磷虾的商业价值日益受到重视,建造南极磷虾拖网渔船成为大势所趋。根据南极磷虾解冻时间长、自动分解的特性,实现快速、大吨位速冻要求的制冷系统设计就成为保证南极磷虾营养价值的关键技术。传统氟利昂制冷剂对大气臭氧层有破坏作用以及能产生温室效应等环境问题,国际上已禁用CFC、HCFC类制冷剂。针对上述问题,制冷系统采用自然工质氨作为制冷剂,建立数学模型计算制冷系统压缩机及其他附属制冷设备的选型参数并确定设备类型,建立渔获物冻结动力学数学模型设计冻结装置,优化冷藏舱设计。该制冷系统设计符合南极环境的环保要求,同时可实现2 h虾盘中心温度达到-7℃,4 h虾盘中心温度达到-25℃,以及不低于240 t/d的速冻要求。As the Antarctic krill commercial value is taken seriously increasingly, the construction of the Antarctic krill fishing trawler becomes the trend of the times.According to the characteristics of long thawing time and automatic decomposition of Antarctic krill, the key technology to ensure the nutritional value of Antarctic krill is to realize the design of the refrigeration system required by rapid and large tonnage quick-freezing.CFC and HCFC refrigerants have been banned internationally because of their destructive effect on the ozone layer and their greenhouse effect.To solve the above problems, natural working medium ammonia was used as refrigerant in the refrigeration system in this paper.A mathematical model was established to calculate the selection parameters of compressors and other auxiliary refrigeration equipment and to determine the type of equipment.A dynamic mathematical model of catch freezing was established to design the freezing device and to optimize the design of the catch tank for refrigerated fish.The refrigeration system was designed to meet the environmental protection requirements of the Antarctic environment.Meanwhile, the central temperature of the shrimp dish could reach-7 ℃ in 2 hours,-25 ℃ in 4 hours, and the quick freezing requirement of not less than 240 tons/day.

关 键 词：南极磷虾拖网渔船 制冷系统 氨制冷剂 参数建模 

分 类 号：TB69[一般工业技术—制冷工程]