15~19世纪大运河的物货流通与苏杭城市经济的发展  

The Circulation of Goods and Materials in the Grand Canal and the Development of Urban Economy in Suzhou and Hangzhou from the 15th to the 19th Century

作　　者：范金民 Fan Jinmin

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史学院

出　　处：《运河学研究》2020年第1期18-43,共26页Canal Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“江南地域文化的历史演进”(10&ZD069)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：15~19世纪的京杭大运河,地处最为发达的经济带,又汇集了上游、上中游和华南等地的商品,成为最为重要的南北物货大通道,向都城北京源源不断地提供各类物资,其物货流通也成为全国经济的晴雨表。作为运河沿线两个最大的商品流通都会苏州和杭州,城市经济长期处于繁盛时期。运河通道与内河水系是否畅通,直接影响着苏杭城市经济的盛衰。苏杭城市经济的发展,视运河为生命线,随运河商品流通量而转移。苏杭城市经济凭借水道开展商业活动,有赖运道的畅通输入各种原材料和绸布、书籍等大宗商品和各种工艺品,流通税收盈缩成为苏杭城市经济发展与否的重要指标。The Grand Canal from the 15 th to the 19 th century,located in the most developed economic belt,had become the most important north-south material and goods corridor,gathered commodities from the upper middle reaches of the Grand Canal and South China. The Grand Canal became the most important north-south material and goods passageway,which provides all kinds of materials to the capital Beijing. The material and goods circulation of the Grand Canal has also become a barometer of the national economy. Suzhou and Hangzhou,the two largest commodity circulation cities along the canal,had been in a prosperous period for a long time. Whether the canal and the river system were smooth or not directly affected the prosperity and decline of the urban economy of Suzhou and Hangzhou. The canal was the lifeline of the urban economic development of Suzhou and Hangzhou. The level of commodity circulation of the canal directly affected the urban economy. The city economy of Suzhou and Hangzhou relied on the smooth flow of the canal to carry out commercial activities by virtue of the canal. Suzhou and Hangzhou imported various raw materials,silk fabrics,books and other bulk commodities and various handicrafts. The level of circulation tax indicated the development of urban economy in Suzhou and Hangzhou.

关 键 词：大运河 苏州 杭州 商品流通 

分 类 号：F29[经济管理—国民经济]