0~6岁儿童残疾与母亲孕前及孕期相关因素的关联  

Correlation analysis of 0-6 years old children’s disability and mother’s health conditions before and during pregnancy

作　　者：杨娜 曹永文 戈小洁 叶佳欣 吴杨昊天 刘倩倩 闫欢 韩雪梅[1] YANG Na;CAO Yong-wen;GE Xiao-jie;YE Jia-xin;WU Yang-haotian;LIU Qian-qian;YAN Huan;HAN Xue-mei(School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学公共卫生学院,兰州730000 [2]甘肃省妇幼保健院,兰州730050

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2021年第2期180-185,共6页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：甘肃省卫生行业科研计划项目(GSWSKY2017-43);甘肃省哲学社会科学规划项目(YB004)。

摘　　要：目的了解甘肃省0~6岁儿童在视力、听力、肢体、智力、孤独症以及多重残疾等6类残疾的患病情况,并分析母亲孕前及孕期健康状况等相关因素与儿童残疾的相关性。方法从甘肃省0~6岁儿童残疾筛查项目数据库中提取2017年1月1日―2017年12月31日数据并进行整理,采用Logistic回归分析模型对数据进行分析。结果 203名(6.64‰)儿童被确诊为残疾,其中男童128名,现患率为7.2‰,女童75名,现患率为5.86‰。Logistic回归分析模型分析结果显示与儿童残疾相关的因素有12个,其中最主要的因素有早产自娩、既往分娩缺陷、孕前6个月服用过促进排卵药物、孕期疾病史有慢性呼吸系统疾病、居住地周围有排放环境污染物的化工厂及矿场、食用腌晒食品>350 g/周、室内经常有人吸烟(均为P<0.05)。结论肢体残疾、智力残疾和视力残疾为重点预防残疾种类;母亲孕前、孕期的健康状况和生活习惯与儿童残疾的发生有关,提示女性应当注重孕期健康和饮食习惯,预防儿童残疾的发生。Objective To understand the prevalence of six types of disabilities in children aged 0-6 in Gansu Province, including vision, hearing, limbs, intelligence, autism, and multiple disabilities, and to analyze the correlation between maternal health status before and during pregnancy and child disability. Methods Data were from the disability screening project for children aged 0-6 years in Gansu Province. After obtaining the data, the data was cleaned first, and finally logistic regression model was applied to analyze the data. Results A total of 203(6.64‰) children in the project were diagnosed with the disability. The prevalence rate among boys and girls was 7.2‰(128) and 5.86‰(75), respectively. The results of Logistic regressive model analysis showed that there were 12 factors related to children’s disability. The most important factors were premature delivery and self-delivery, previous birth defects, taking ovulation-promoting drugs 6 months before pregnancy, chronic respiratory diseases with a history of illness during pregnancy, surrounded by chemical plants and mines that discharge environmental pollutants, eating pickled sun-dried foods >350 g/week, and people often smoking indoors(all P<0.05). Conclusions Physical disability, intellectual disability, and visual disability are the key types of disability preventions. A mother’s health status and habits before pregnancy and during pregnancy will affect her child’s disability. It is suggested that women should pay attention to their health and eating habits during pregnancy to prevent the occurrence of child disability.

关 键 词：残疾 06岁儿童 影响因素 母亲健康状况 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R195.4[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]