体内黑色素合成、调控及常用天然、中药来源的黑色素抑制剂  

Melanin synthesis and regulation in vivo and commonly used melanin inhibitors from natural products and traditional Chinese medicine

作　　者：马梓育 陆洋[1] MA Zi-yu;LU Yang(School of Chinese Materia Medica,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中药学院,北京102488

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2020年第24期5898-5916,共19页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费(2020-JYB-XSCXCY-015)。

摘　　要：黑色素是影响人类皮肤颜色的重要因素,明确其合成途径与调控通路对于治疗黄褐斑等色素沉着引起的疾病具有实际意义,同时可以为筛选黑色素抑制剂以及开发美白祛斑产品提供理论依据。目前,用于美白祛斑产品中的黑色素抑制剂主要来源于天然产物及中药。文章首先介绍了以酪氨酸酶为核心的体内黑色素生物合成的途径,明确酪氨酸酶的合成、转运与催化活性为3个影响黑色素合成的关键因素,接着综述了常见的两大类黑色素抑制剂,即天然、中药来源的酪氨酸酶合成抑制剂和酪氨酸酶抑制剂。文章为开发新型黑色素抑制剂提供了指导,同时提出可以按照不同机制的抑制剂配伍增效的思路,开发新的美白配方。Melanin is an important factor affecting human skin color.This study defines its synthetic pathways and regulatory pathways have the practical significance for the treatment of diseases caused by pigmentation problems,such as chloasma.Besides,it also provides a theoretical basis for screening out melanin inhibitors and developing whitening and freckle products.At present,the melanin inhibitors used in whitening and freckle products mainly come from natural products and traditional Chinese medicine.This article first introduces the melanin biosynthesis pathway with tyrosinase as the core,defines the synthesis,transport and catalytic activity of tyrosinase as the three key factors affecting melanin synthesis,and then reviews two common types of melanin inhibitors,namely tyrosinase synthesis inhibitors and tyrosinase inhibitors derived from natural products and traditional Chinese medicine.This article provides guidance for the development of new melanin inhibitors,and puts forward the idea for combining and synergizing inhibitors according to different mechanisms,in order to develop new whitening formulas.

关 键 词：黑色素合成 黑素小体 黑色素抑制剂 酪氨酸酶 酪氨酸酶抑制剂 

分 类 号：R285[医药卫生—中药学]