皖南地区的早期矿冶遗址以及三种合金技术  

Early Metallurgical Sites and Three Alloy Technologies in Southern Anhui

作　　者：崔春鹏 李延祥 李辰元 谭宇辰 宫希成[3] CUI Chun-peng;LI Yan-xiang;LI Chen-yuan;TAN Yu-chen;GONG Xi-cheng(National Museum of China,Beijing 100006,China;Institute of Cultural Heritage and History of Science&Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Anhui Province,Hefei 230061,China)

机构地区：[1]中国国家博物馆,北京100006 [2]北京科技大学科技史与文化遗产研究院,北京100083 [3]安徽省文物考古研究所,合肥230061

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2021年第2期114-122,共9页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51174034)。

摘　　要：对皖南地区的早期矿冶遗址进行综合考察研究,发现存在着配制锡青铜、砷青铜、锑青铜的3种合金技术。青铜冶炼流程为两步法,所用铜料、砷料、锑料应来自当地,锡料推测来自长江中游的赣北且主要以锡砂形式添加。研究还发现,以皖南为代表的长江下游是中国早期又一处重要的砷青铜冶金区,其生产流行的资源背景应与该地区缺乏锡矿有关。研究进一步预示长江流域存在着相当规模且独具特色的早期青铜冶金业,而与黄河流域的中原地区有明显区别。Three kinds of alloy technologies of tin bronze,arsenic bronze and antimony bronze were found in early mining and metallurgical sites in Southern Anhui.The bronze smelting process consists two steps,and copper,arsenic and antimony materials used are supposed to come from local mines.Tin is supposed to come from Northern Jiangxi in the Middle Yangtze River,and it is added mainly in form of cassiterite.It is also found that the Lower Yangtze River,represented by Southern Anhui,is another important arsenic bronze metallurgical area in Early China,and resource background of its popular production should be lack of tin ore in the region.There is a sizeable and unique earlier bronze industry in the Yangtze River Valley,which is obviously different from Central Plains of the Yellow River Valley.

关 键 词：皖南 锡青铜 砷青铜 锑青铜 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]