《巴黎协定》后我国温室气体控制规制模式的转变及法律对策  

Regulatory and Law Reforms in Reflection to the Strategic Transit of Greenhouse Gases Control in China after Paris Agreement

作　　者：杜群[1,2] 张琪静 DU Qun;ZHANG Qi-jing(不详)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]北京航空航天大学法学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第1期19-29,共11页Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大研究专项“社会主义核心价值观融入生态文明法治建设的基本路径和法律样态”(19VHJ016);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“生态文明语境下环境法的体系化发展研究”(19JJD820003)。

摘　　要：《巴黎协定》生效后,国家自主贡献机制赋予我国履行温室气体强制自主减排的国际义务,并可通过国内法机制予以实现。我国控制温室气体采取与大气污染物实施协同控制的规制模式。在温室气体控制专门性立法缺位的情况下,2015年修订的《大气污染防治法》第2条确立其法律地位、成为其法律依据,在具体政策实践中,着力于能源结构调整的节能减排机制成为协同控制温室气体的基本形态。但节能减排规制体系局限于能源生产和消费环节,不足以实现我国到2030年的减排目标,《巴黎协定》后,我国温室气体控制应尽快实现向自主规制模式转变,推动低碳发展机制势在必行。增强温室气体控制协同规制和自主规制并形成合力需要法律、政策的调整和改革,主要对策包括加快制定能源基本法,加强能源清洁利用制度,制定气候变化应对专门法律,促进现行环境资源法和经济法的"低碳化"。After the Paris Agreement came into effect,the mechanism of the intended nationally determined contributions demands China to fulfill the international obligation of mandatory and independent greenhouse gas reduction through the realization of relevant domestic laws.The current strategy that China has adopted is the so-called cooperative control approach,to reduce greenhouse gases emission in accordance with the same course of air pollutants prevention and control.In the case of lacking special legislation of greenhouse gas control,article 2 of the Atmospheric Pollution Prevention and Control Law revised and adopted in 2015 established its legal status and became its legal basis.In practice,this mechanism of energy conservation and emission reduction whose aim is on energy structure adjustment has become the basic form to achieve greenhouse gas reduction.However,the application areas of the cooperative regulatory mechanism of energy conservation and emission reduction are limited in energy production and consumption,thus not strong enough to achieve China’s greenhouse gas emission reduction target by 2030.After the Paris Agreement,China should realize the necessity of the strategic transit from the cooperative approach to the independent one.The imperative challenge in this transit is to promote low-carbon development mechanism in the whole regulatory system to combat climate change.In order to strengthen both cooperative and independent regulatory approach of greenhouse gases control and enhance the joint synergy of them,legal adjustment and regulatory reforms are needed.Main legal and regulatory countermeasures include:to formulate the energy basic law,and strengthen the energy clean utilization system,and formulate the special laws to deal with climate change,and integrate the concept of low-carbon into the current environment and resource law and economic law.

关 键 词：《巴黎协定》 温室气体控制 规制模式 节能减排 低碳发展 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济]