南海圆舵鲣栖息地影响因素分析  

Analysis of habitat influencing factors of Auxis rochei in the South China Sea

作　　者：范江涛[1,2] 张鹏[1] 冯雪[1,2] 陈作志[1,3] FAN Jiangtao;ZHANG Peng;FENG Xue;CHEN Zuozhi(Key Field Scientific Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resource and Environment,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Guangzhou 510300,China;College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业农村部外海渔业开发重点实验室,广东广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广东广州511458

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2021年第2期215-221,共7页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1406500);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)项目(GML2019ZD0605);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B1111030001);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2020TD05,2021SD01).

摘　　要：圆舵鲣(Auxis rochei)是南海外海最具开发潜力的小型金枪鱼之一。根据2013—2019年南海区灯光罩网调查数据,结合遥感获得的海表温度(sea surface temperature,SST)、海面高度(sea surface height,SSH)、叶绿素a浓度(chlorophyll a,CHLA)数据,采用栖息地适应性指数模型原理,以标准化后的单位捕捞努力量渔获量(catch per unite effect,CPUE)作为栖息地质量高低的指标,建立CPUE与海洋环境因子关系模型,分析不同环境因子对圆舵鲣栖息地的影响及栖息地对海洋环境变化的适应性。结果表明,南海圆舵鲣渔场SST、SSH、CHLA因子的最适值分别为28.6℃、81.0 cm、0.11 mg/m3。对不同海洋环境因子赋予不同的权重系数,分别与CPUE建立适应性指数模型,各模型R2均大于0.8,模型解释度较好。采用最小二乘法原则对模型权重系数进行分析,SST的系数为0.26,SSH系数为0.52,CHLA的系数为0.22,表明SSH对栖息地的影响最大。采用2019年调查数据对模型进行验证,模型准确度均超过75%,模型预测准确。Auxis rochei is one of the most promising small tunas in the South China Sea.According to the South China Sea light cover web survey data in 2013-2019,combined with remote sensing of the sea surface temperature(SST),sea surface height(SSH),chlorophyll a concentration(CHLA)data,using the principle of a habitat suitable index model in a standardized unit of catch per unit effort(CPUE)as indicators of habitat quality,the model of the CPUE and marine environment was established to analyze the effects of different environmental factors on the habitat of A.rochei and its adaptability to changes in the marine environment.The results showed that the optimum values of each factor in the A.rochei fishery in the South China Sea were an SST of 28.6℃,SSH of 81.0 cm,and CHLA of 0.11 mg/m3.Different weights were assigned to different marine environment factors to establish the adaptability index model with the CPUE,and the R2 of each model was greater than 0.8,with good model interpretation.The least square method was used to analyze the weight coefficient of the model.The coefficients were 0.26,0.52,and 0.22 for SST,SSH,and CHLA,respectively.The SSH had the greatest effect on habitat.The 2019 survey data were used to verify the model,and the model accuracy was more than 75%,verifying that the model prediction was accurate.

关 键 词：圆舵鲣 南海 海洋环境 权重系数 CPUE 模型 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]