中国音乐语境中的创作基因——五声性调式的理论基础  

On Composing Gene in the Context of Chinese Music:the Theoretical Basis of Pentatonic Mode

作　　者：姚恒璐[1] Yao Henglu

机构地区：[1]中央音乐学院作曲系

出　　处：《乐府新声（沈阳音乐学院学报）》2021年第1期51-70,共20页The New Voice of Yue-Fu(Journal of the Shenyang Conservatory of Music)

摘　　要：民族调式是一个民族的音乐语言构成基础,忘记了它,就等于忘记了音乐母语。音乐的审美、鉴赏最终是要落实在音乐风格的品味方面。试想,连音乐风格的语言基础——调式的风格都听不出来、或不予理会,而直接采用"和声小调"去写中国风格,是一种什么滑稽的场景?不幸的是,这种情况大有越来越多的趋势,面对欧洲音乐的理论拿来直接就不加以区别地使用,对于调式所形成的风格定位毫无意识,长期如此,"中国音乐风格"将不复存在。在音乐本体理论方面缺乏"独立思考",缺乏创新智慧,已是"集体无意识"的无奈现实。本文站在作曲家的角度谈中国民族调式,其从三音到九音的调式构成方式,自身并带有调式同宫系统内的"轮转性",尤其是偏音在构成各种不同调式音阶中的核心作用,值得深入研究重视。五声性调式的音响特征对于创作"中国风格"音乐作品的借鉴作用不容忽视,它对于未来中国音乐作品的创作特质所能产生的影响力也不可低估。Chinese mode is the foundation of Chinese musical language.If you forget it,you will forget the mother tongue of music.The aesthetic appreciation of music is ultimately to be implemented in the taste of music style.Just think,what kind of funny scene is it that we can’t even hear or ignore the style of mode,the language basis of music style,but use harmony minor directly to present Chinese style?Unfortunately,there is a growing trend in this kind of situation.To face of European music theories,they directly use them indiscriminately,without any awareness of the style positioning formed by the mode.If this goes on for a long time,Chinese music style will no longer exist.The lack of independent thinking and creative wisdom in music ontology theory is the helpless reality of collective unconsciousness.From the point of view of the composer,this paper discusses the mode of Chinese modality,which is composed of three tone to nine tone,and has the rotation in the mode system of Gong,especially the core role of Pianyin(secondary tone)in various scales of different modality,which is worthy of further study and attention.The acoustics characteristics of pentatonic mode can not be ignored for the composing Chinese style music works,and its influence on the future composing Chinese music works can not be underestimated.

关 键 词：十二律 五声性调式 五正声与偏音 六律六吕 七声奉五声 八音与九歌 

分 类 号：J614.1[艺术—音乐]