甘蔗F_(1)群体构建及主要农艺性状遗传变异分析  

Construction of Sugarcane F_(1) Population and Main Agronomic Traits Genetic Variation Analysis

作　　者：徐志军 孔冉[1] 苏俊波[1] 周峰[2] 张垂明[2] 吴小丽 刘洋[1] XU Zhijun;KONG Ran;SU Junbo;ZHOU Feng;ZHANG Chuiming;WU Xiaoli;LIU Yang(Zhanjiang Experiment Station,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/South Subtropical Crop Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Dryland Water-saving Agriculture,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524091,China;Hainan Sugarcane Breeding Station,Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute,Sanya,Hainan 572024,China;Zhanjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站/中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所/广东省旱作节水农业工程技术研发中心,广东湛江524091 [2]广州甘蔗糖业研究所海南甘蔗育种场,海南三亚572024 [3]湛江市农业科学研究院,广东湛江524094

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2021年第2期333-338,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题(No.2018YFD1000503);中国热带农业科学院科技创新团队专项资金项目(No.17CXTD-07);农业农村部科研设施专项糖能兼用甘蔗试验示范基地运行费。

摘　　要：分离群体是进行作物遗传图谱构建、性状遗传研究、性状调控关键基因挖掘和种质资源创新利用的重要基础。本研究利用‘崖城94-46’和‘新台糖22号’杂交获得了209个杂交单株,通过SSR标记鉴定真假杂种和剔除病死单株,获得了1个包含145个杂交后代的F1群体。F_(1)群体主要农艺性状遗传变异分析表明,8个性状都存在双向超亲现象,变异系数范围为9.23%~56.78%,8个性状的频数分布均呈连续正态分布,均为由多基因控制的数量性状。相关分析和逐步回归分析表明,甘蔗丛重与株高、茎径和丛有效茎显著正相关,决定系数为0.92;丛糖含量主要由株高、茎径、锤度和丛有效茎4个因素决定,决定系数为0.94。研究结果为利用甘蔗F_(1)群体开展遗传研究奠定基础,同时为甘蔗育种中重点选择性状确定提供参考。Segregation population is an important basis for genetic linkage map construction,trait inheritance studying,key gene mining and germplasm resource innovated utilization.In this study,209 seedlings derived from‘Yacheng 94-46’and‘ROC 22’were identified by SSR markers,and a F_(1) population were constructed containing 145 clones combined with filed evaluation.Traits genetic variation analysis of F_(1) population revealed that eight traits were quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes.The traits were transgressive segregation on both sides.The variation coefficients of the traits ranged from 9.23%to 56.78%,and the frequency distribution showed continuous normal distribution.Correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis showed that sugarcane clump weight was positively correlated with plant height,stalk diameter and clump effective stalk number,with a determination coefficient of 0.92.And the content of sucrose was mainly determined by four factors including plant height,stalk diameter,brix and clump effective stalk number with a determination coefficient of 0.94.The results would lay a foundation for the genetic research on sugarcane F_(1) population and provide a reference for the determination of key selected traits in sugarcane breeding.

关 键 词：甘蔗栽培种 F_(1)群体 农艺性状 遗传变异 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]