基于微纳环境能量收集技术的自驱动无线传感系统  

Self-powered wireless sensor system based on micro/nano environmental energy harvesting technology

作　　者：张小涵 赵俊青 张弛[1,2] ZHANG Xiaohan;ZHAO Junqing;ZHANG Chi(Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101400,China;School of Nanoscience and Technology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院北京纳米能源与系统研究所,北京101400 [2]中国科学院大学纳米科学与技术学院,北京100049

出　　处：《微纳电子与智能制造》2020年第4期118-128,共11页Micro/nano Electronics and Intelligent Manufacturing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51922023)项目资助。

摘　　要：无线传感器网络作为物联网的核心技术引起了广泛关注。由于传感器节点数目多、分布密集,以及传统电池供电的局限性,能源问题成为限制无线传感器网络发展的主要瓶颈之一。环境能量收集技术是一种绿色、可持续的供电技术,可为传感器节点供电提供有效方案。主要介绍了太阳能、温差能、射频能、风能、振动能等环境微能量的收集技术,并论述了基于微纳环境能量收集技术的自驱动无线传感系统及其应用,最后对比总结了这些能量收集技术与自驱动系统的优势和挑战,并对研究趋势与发展前景进行了展望。Wireless sensor network(WSN)as the core technology of the Internet of Things has attracted extensive attention.Due to the large number,dense distribution of sensor nodes and the limitation of traditional batteries,the energy problem has become one of the main bottlenecks limiting the development of WSN.Environmental energy harvesting technology is a green and sustainable power supply technology,which can provide an effective power supply scheme for sensor nodes.This article mainly introduced solar energy,temperature difference energy,radio frequency energy,wind energy and vibration energy harvesting technology,and discussed self-powered wireless sensor systems based on micro/nano environmental energy harvesting technology.Finally,this work summarized the advantages and challenges of energy harvesting technology and self-powered systems and discussed the research trends and development prospects.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 自驱动微系统 微能量收集 环境能量 

分 类 号：TP212.9[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TN929.5[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]