施用袋控缓释肥对碧桃生长发育及观赏效果的影响  

Effect of bag-controlled release fertilizer on growth and ornamental effect of peach blossom

作　　者：海建平[1] 李兴娟 谢克英[1] 张守仕[1] HAI Jian-ping;LI Xing-juan;XIE Ke-ying;ZHANG Shou-shi(Henan Vocational College of Agriculture,Zhongmu Henan 451450;Junan No.1 Middle School,Junan Shandong 276600)

机构地区：[1]河南农业职业学院,河南中牟451450 [2]莒南一中,山东莒南276600

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2021年第1期90-94,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：河南省重点研发与推广专项(192102110039);河南省大宗水果产业技术体系建设专项(Z2014-11-01);河南省优秀基层教学组织-园艺教研室。

摘　　要：为降低园林植物施肥人力成本,拓宽袋控缓释肥应用范围,通过施肥试验研究施用袋控缓释肥对碧桃观赏效果的影响。设置袋控缓释肥处理、撒施肥处理、不施肥处理3种施肥方式,测定施肥后土壤各养分的含量。试验结果表明:施肥后土壤铵态氮、硝态氮、有效磷、速效钾等养分含量,袋控缓释肥处理维持在一个较高水平,撒施处理下降显著,不施肥处理含量低。叶片叶绿素含量和光合作用速率各处理在施肥后期差异显著,袋控缓释肥处理显著高于撒施处理、不施肥处理。袋控缓释肥促进碧桃一年生枝生长发育,表现为枝条粗壮。袋控缓释肥处理叶芽比例最低,为2.6%,3个花芽的复花芽比例最高,为81.8%,与撒施处理和不施肥处理相比差异显著。袋控缓释肥处理2个花芽的复花芽比例为10.4%,撒施处理和不施肥处理分别为30.6%和38.2%,显著低于撒施处理和不施肥处理。袋控缓释肥处理花数量显著高于肥料撒施处理和不施肥处理。袋控缓释肥处理花直径为4.9 cm,不施肥处理为4.1 cm,肥料撒施处理为4.5 cm,各处理间差异显著。袋控缓释肥处理花期显著长于肥料撒施处理和不施肥处理,观赏时间长30%以上。碧桃施用袋控缓释肥后土壤养分含量维持一个较高水平,相比撒施处理养分稳定、波动小,观赏效果显著优于肥料撒施处理和不施肥处理。碧桃施用袋控缓释肥是一种省工、高效的施肥方法。In order to reduce the cost of fertilizing of garden plants and enlarge the application scope of bag-controlled release fertilizer,the effect of bag-controlled release fertilizer on the ornamental effect of ornamental peach was studied through fertilization experiment.There fertilization methods were set up for bag-controlled release fertilizer treatment,fertilizer spraying treatment,and non-fertilization treatment to determine the content of various nutrients in the soil after fertilization.The results showed that the soil ammonium,nitrate,available phosphorus and available potassium of bag-controlled release fertilizer treatment was kept in a higher level,the value of spraying application decreased significantly,and the value of non-fertilization treatment was the lowest.In later stage after fertilization,concentration of leaf chlorophyll and photosynthesis rate were significantly different among three treatments,the bag-controlled release fertilizer was higher than spraying application treatment and non-fertilization treatment.The bag-controlled release fertilizer promoted the growth and development of annual branches of ornamental peach,which showed that the branches were strong.Bagcontrolled release fertilizer treatment had the lowest proportion of leaf buds(2.6%)and the highest proportion of three flower buds in one node type(81.8%),which was significantly different from spraying application treatment and nonfertilization treatment.The proportion of complex buds of two flower buds in one node of bag-controlled release fertilizer treatment was 10.4%,while in fertilizer spraying application treatment and non-fertilization treatment it was 30.6%and 38.2%,respectively,which showed that the bag-controlled release fertilizer treatment was significantly lower than that fertilizer spraying application treatment and non-fertilization treatment.The number of flowers in bag-controlled release fertilizer treatment was significantly higher than that fertilizer spraying application treatment and non-fertilization treatme

关 键 词：碧桃 袋控缓释肥 生长发育 观赏效果 

分 类 号：S685.99[农业科学—观赏园艺]