微生物菌剂强化A/O脱氮反应器运行效果及微生物群落变化  

Operation effect and microbial community changes of A/O denitrification reactor enhanced by microbial agents

作　　者：金位栋[1] 焦巨龙 李剑屏 杨苏文[1] 闫玉红[1] 张玥[1] JIN Weidong;JIAO Julong;LI Jianping;YANG Suwen;YAN Yuhong;ZHANG Yue(National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;Beijing General Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]湖泊水污染治理与生态修复技术国家工程实验室,中国环境科学研究院 [2]北京市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2021年第2期354-364,共11页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07204-005)。

摘　　要：采用传统缺氧/好氧(A/O)工艺与生物膜法组合的反应器处理模拟生活污水,通过调节水力停留时间(HRT)、碳氮比(C/N)、消化液回流比优化反应器运行状态,并投加微生物菌剂(氨氮去除菌剂和反硝化菌剂)考察反应器运行效果的变化。结果表明:反应器启动30 d后趋于稳定;当HRT为24 h,C/N为4,回流比为200%时,反应器运行效果最佳,化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮(NH^(+)_(4)-N)和总氮(TN)的平均去除率分别为80.3%、79.9%和47.8%;投加微生物菌剂后,反应器对NH^(+)_(4)-N处理能力加强,COD、NH^(+)_(4)-N和TN的平均去除率分别为79.5%、90.2%、56.6%,其中TN最高去除率可达70.0%,且反应器提高了对进水负荷的耐受性。高通量测序分析结果表明,原始污泥中微生物以变形菌门和拟杆菌门为主,其相对丰度之和为77.8%,运行过程中,2个门的细菌的相对丰度呈先下降后上升再趋于稳定的趋势;投加微生物菌剂后,缺氧池内细菌种类数和多样性明显增加,好氧池内2个门的细菌的相对丰度之和达92.3%。A reactor which combined traditional anoxic aerobic process with biofilm was applied to treat simulated domestic sewage,of which the optimum operating condition was determined by adjusting the hydraulic residence time(HRT),carbon/nitrogen ratio(C/N)and reflux ratio of nitrating liquid.Besides,the operation efficiency of the reactor was investigated by adding ammonia nitrogen removal agent and denitrifying agent.The results showed that the reactor tended to be stabilized in 30 days after startup.When the HRT was 24 h,C/N was 4,and reflux ratio was 200%,the reactor operating effect was the best.The average removal rates of chemical oxygen demand(COD),ammonia nitrogen(NH^(+)_(4)-N)and total nitrogen(TN)was 80.3%,79.9%and 47.8%,respectively.The capacity of the reactor to remove ammonia nitrogen was strengthened after adding microbial agent.Accordingly,the average removal rates of the three pollutants turned into 79.5%,90.2%and 56.6%,respectively,among which the maximum removal rate of TN could be increased to 70.0%.Besides,the tolerance of reactor to influent load was improved to a certain extent.Furthermore,the high throughput sequencing(HTS)analysis showed that Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the main functional microorganisms in the original sludge,of which the total relative abundance ratios were 77.8%.During the operation of the reactor system,the relative abundance of the two phyla showed a tendency of decreasing first,then increased and tended to be stable.After the addition of microbial agent,the species number and diversity of microorganisms in the anoxic pool increased significantly,and the relative abundance of the two phyla in the aerobic pool reached 92.3%.

关 键 词：微生物菌剂 A/O反应器 微生物群落分析 高通量测序 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]