枫香刺小蠹雌雄成虫的形态差异、繁殖特性及其坑道系统形成过程  

The Morphological Difference between Male and Female,Reproductive Characteristics and the Formation Process of the Tunnel System of Acanthotomicus suncei(Coleoptera∶Curculionidae∶Scolytinae)

作　　者：赵洁 高磊 鞠瑞亭 ZHAO Jie;GAO Lei;JU Ruiting(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China;Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscaping on Challenging Urban Sites, Shanghai 200232, China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学生命科学学院生物多样性和生态工程教育部重点实验室,上海200438 [2]上海市园林科学规划研究院上海城市困难立地绿化工程技术研究中心,上海200232

出　　处：《复旦学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期58-64,共7页Journal of Fudan University：Natural Science

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金项目(19ZR1451300);上海市科委重大项目(19DZ1204100)。

摘　　要：枫香刺小蠹(Acanthotomicus suncei)是一种严重危害北美枫香(Liquidambar styraciflua)的蛀干性害虫,近年来在上海及周边地区已造成数万株植物死亡.本研究通过野外观察和室内饲养,对其雌雄成虫的形态差异进行了补充描述,并研究了其繁殖特性和坑道系统形成过程,主要结果如下:1)枫香刺小蠹雌雄成虫个体大小差异不显著,形态差异主要体现在鞘翅坡面齿的大小.雄成虫4对齿较明显,分别位于第2、4、6、8刻点沟与翅盘相连处的隆起部位,在第7刻点沟在近翅盘边缘着生1对小瘤突;雌成虫4对齿、1对瘤突着生与排列方式与雄虫一致,但是齿整体上都较雄虫小,且第2对齿的着生部位更靠近翅盘中部;2)主坑道内成虫性比组合主要有4种形式:1雄∶1雌、1雄∶2雌、1雄∶3雌与1雄∶4雌;这几种性比组成形式的坑道内每窝单雌产卵量与卵孵化率差异显著;3)成虫钻入树皮形成坑道的发育过程包括侵入、召唤交配、母坑道形成、产卵和子坑道形成等5个阶段.本研究可为深入了解枫香刺小蠹的生物学特性,并为其科学防治提供参考依据.Acanthotomicus suncei is a bark-beetle species that seriously attacks the American sweetgum(Liquidambar styraciflua),and has caused the death of tens of thousands of plants in Shanghai and adjacent areas.In this study,through field observation and indoor breeding,we complementally described the morphological differences between male and female of A.suncei,and recorded the reproductive characteristics and the formation process of the tunnel system of the adults.The main results are as follows:1)There was no significant difference in the individual size of the male and female adults;but a obvious difference in elytral declivity face morphology.In male adults,the first to forth spines emerged from interstria 2,4,6,and 8,respectively;in addition,a tuberculate emerged from interstriae 7 on the margin of the wing plate.Female adults were arranged in the same way,but the second was located closer to the middle of the wing plate,and the elytral declivitous spines were smaller on the whole.2)Sex ratio of adults mainly had four forms in the main tunnel,i.e.,1♂∶1♀,1♂∶2♀,1♂∶3♀and 1♂∶4♀.Among these four sex-ratio treatment,the number of eggs laid by per female and the hatching rate of eggs were significantly different;3)The development of the main gallery mainly included five processes,i.e.,invasion,calling for mating,formation of mother tunnels,egg laying,and the formation of sub-tunnels.We drew the tunnel shape map of main stages.This study provides a reference for the deep understanding of the biology of Acanthotomicus suncei,and also has implication for the prevention and control of this insect pest.

关 键 词：枫香刺小蠹 繁殖特性 坑道系统 雌雄差异 

分 类 号：Q964[生物学—昆虫学]