大跨距高楼房爆破拆除控制技术与倒塌形态分析  

Blasting Demolition Control Technology and Collapse Shape Analysis of Long Span High Buildings

作　　者：杨帆 张新雨 胡坤伦[2] 韩体飞[2] YANG Fan;ZHANG Xin-yu;HU Kun-lun;HAN Ti-fei(Anhui JiangNan Blasting Engineeriing Co.,Ltd.,Xuancheng 242300,China;Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽江南爆破工程有限公司,宣城242300 [2]安徽理工大学,淮南232001

出　　处：《爆破》2021年第1期87-92,共6页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(51604009)。

摘　　要：以立柱间跨距8.0 m×8.6 m、高70 m楼房爆破拆除工程为例,为保证临近在建楼房的安全,对倒塌建筑物落地冲击振动进行理论计算分析,并运用双切口加速楼房空中解体、分区块延期等爆破拆除控制技术实施拆除工程。通过爆破振动测试仪进行实时监控,利用高清摄像分析其倒塌形态,验证拆除控制技术的安全有效性。通过分析高清摄像照片和振动监测数据表明:大跨距楼房势能转换快,易引发后坐;减振沟能明显减小塌落振动,但对爆破振动基本无影响;测点布置的楼层高度对爆破振动速度有一定放大效应,而对塌落振动基本无影响。Taking a blasting demolition project of a 70 m building with a 8.0 m×8.6 m span between stand columns as an example,the impact vibration of the collapsed building on the ground was calculated and analyzed theoretically to ensure the safety of the buildings under construction.The blasting demolition control technologies including double incision accelerating the disintegration of the building in the air and block delay were used to carry out the demolition project.A blasting vibration tester was used for real-time monitoring,and the collapse shape was analyzed by a high-definition camera.The safety and effectiveness of the demolition control technology were then verified.The high-definition photos and vibration monitoring data showed that the potential energy conversion of the long-span building was fast,which could cause recoil easily.Although the damping ditch can significantly reduce the collapse vibration,it had no effects on the blasting vibration.While the floor height where measuring points were arranged had certain amplification effect on the blasting vibration velocity,it basically had no effect on the collapse vibration.

关 键 词：大跨距楼房拆除 空中解体爆破 爆破振动 塌落振动 倒塌形态 

分 类 号：TU746.5[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]