冲击地压矿井巷道U型钢支护极限承载能力研究  

Investigation on the ultimate load bearing capacity of U-shaped steel arch support in coal bursting mine

作　　者：王宏伟[1] 邓代新 姜耀东[1] 石瑞明 周宏伟[2] 崔帅 Wang Hongwei;Deng Daixin;Jiang Yaodong;Shi Ruiming;Zhou Hongwei;Cui Shuai(School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China University of Mining&Technology-Being,Beijing 100083,China;School of Energy and Mining Engineering,China University of Mining&Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)力学与建筑工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院,北京100083

出　　处：《矿业科学学报》2021年第2期176-187,共12页Journal of Mining Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41872205);北京市自然科学基金(8202041);中国矿业大学(北京)“越崎青年学者”(2018QN13)。

摘　　要：煤矿巷道围岩的冲击破坏程度与支护形式密切相关,探究冲击地压矿井巷道U型钢的极限承载能力,是研究深部煤炭资源安全开采的重要课题,对矿井冲击地压的防治具有重要意义。本文以义马煤田典型冲击地压矿井为工程背景,建立均匀围压条件下U型钢支护变形的力学模型,给出U型钢变形量的解析解,对比分析均匀和不均匀荷载作用下U型钢和巷道的变形规律,研究了荷载增加时U型钢支护可承受的上覆岩层极限荷载和极限埋深。通过现场监测巷道不同U型钢支护条件下顶底板移近量、移近速度的变化,分析了提高U型钢承载能力来控制巷道变形和冲击地压的机理。研究结果表明:随着荷载增加,巷道变形量和应变能均将出现一个急剧加速点,该点可用来确定应用U型钢支护的极限埋深均匀荷载下为1600 m,非均匀荷载下为1400 m,当达到极限埋深时,U型钢将完全处于失效状态,巷道变形激增;在冲击地压矿井巷道进行U型钢支护设计时,改善围岩支护接触条件、对U型钢边界施加均匀荷载,对提高U型钢的支护性能具有重要作用。采用承载能力更大的U型钢支护方式能吸收更多来自围岩释放的能量,对巷道顶底板移近量的控制较为稳定,使得巷道变形无法瞬间激增,保证巷道的稳定性,实现对巷道冲击地压的有效控制。The damage degree of the surrounding rock in the coal mine roadway is closely related to the support form,thus to carry out research on the ultimate bearing capacity of U-shaped steel support in coal bursting mine is of important guiding significance for the prevention and control of coal burst.Taking a typical coal bursting mine in Yima Coalfield as the engineering background,a theoretical calculation mechanical model of U-shaped steel deformation under uniform loading is established and the analytical solution of the overall deformation is given,then deformation of U-shaped steel and roadway under the action of uniform and non-uniform load is compared,and the affordable ultimate load from overlying strata and applicable ultimate depth of U-shaped steel support is studied when the load increases.The change of approach amount and speed of the roadway roof and floor through on-site monitoring is obtained,and improving the bearing capacity of U-shaped steel support to control the deformation of roadway and coal burst is analyzed.The results show that:with the increase of load,there will be a sharp acceleration point in the deformation and strain energy of roadway,which can be used to determine the applicable ultimate depth of U-shaped steel support.The applicable ultimate depth of U-shaped steel under uniform loading is 1600 m,and the value is 1600 m under the non-uniform loading.When the ultimate depth is reached,U-shaped steel will be completely in failure state,and the deformation of roadway will increase rapidly.When designing U-shaped steel support for the roadway of coal bursting mine,it is very important to improve the contact condition of surrounding rock support and apply uniform load to the U-shaped steel support boundary to ensure good contact between surrounding rock and U-shaped steel,and improve the bearing capacity of U-shaped steel.U-shaped steel support with greater bearing capacity can absorb more energy released from surrounding rocks,and better control the approach amount between the roof and fl

关 键 词：U型钢 极限埋深 承载能力 巷道变形 应变能 

分 类 号：TD350[矿业工程—矿井建设]