道路网络对武夷山市景观格局的影响  

Impact of road network on the landscape pattern of Wuyishan City

作　　者：吴旻[1] 黄华明[1] 翟瑞 赵超超 胡喜生 应兴亮 WU Min;HUANG Huaming;ZHAI Rui;ZHAO Chaochao;HU Xisheng;YING Xingliang(Department of Traffic Engineering,Fujian Forestry Vocational Technical College,Nanping,Fujian 353011,China;College of Transportation and Civil Engineering,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建林业职业技术学院交通工程系,福建南平353011 [2]福建农林大学交通与土木工程学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2021年第2期198-203,共6页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31971639);国家级大学生创新训练项目(201810389016);福建省自然科学基金项目(2019J01406);福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JZ180457)。

摘　　要：为探讨城市景观格局对道路网络的响应,利用地理信息系统(GIS)技术,以福建省武夷山市土地景观和森林景观为例,通过测定土地类型和森林类型2个尺度下景观格局指数的变化,定量分析道路网络对武夷山市景观格局变化的影响。结果表明,在道路网络影响下,武夷山市景观格局变化明显。在土地类型尺度上,全市斑块数增加14.08%,平均斑块面积减小35.80%、最大斑块指数下降47.81%;斑块形状指数增大7.60%、连接性指数增大10.48%;香农多样性和辛普森多样性指数分别由0.420和0.253下降至0.410和0.248,景观复杂性降低,聚集度增大,景观趋于单一化。在森林类型尺度上,全市斑块数增加5.53%,斑块总面积减小0.50%、平均斑块面积减小7.18%、最大斑块指数下降8.82%,斑块形状指数增大1.44%、连接性指数下降0.04%,香农多样性和辛普森多样性指数分别由1.434和0.704下降至1.432和0.703,说明森林景观多样性较高,各种森林类型分布相对较均匀。Regional ecological landscapes are being segmented,isolated,and destroyed in the process of rapid urbanization,resulting in the evolution of ecological landscape processes and patterns.Using the land type and forest type of Wuyishan City in Fujian Province as an example,this study employed geographic information system(GIS)technology to quantitatively analyze the changes in the landscape pattern of Wuyishan City to determine the indexes′changes in the landscape pattern based on the road network.The results showed that the landscape pattern of Wuyishan City has changed due to the road network.Regarding the land type scale,the number of plaques increased by 14.08%,the average plaque area decreased by 35.80%,and the maximum plaque index decreased by 47.81%.The patch shape index increased by 7.60%and the connectivity index increased by 10.48%.The Shannon diversity index and the Simpson diversity index decreased from 0.420 and 0.253 to 0.410 and 0.248,respectively.The lower values indicated that the landscape complexity decreased,the aggregation degree increased,and the landscape tended to be single.In terms of the forest type scale,the number of patches increased by 5.53%,the total area of patches decreased by 0.50%,the average patch area decreased by 7.18%,and the maximum patch index decreased by 8.82%.The patch shape index increased by 1.44%and the connectivity index decreased by 0.04%.The Shannon diversity index and the Simpson diversity index decreased from 1.434 and 0.704 to 1.432 and 0.703,respectively.Those values indicate that the level of forest landscape diversity was higher,and the distribution of all forest types was relatively uniform.

关 键 词：景观格局 景观指数 道路网络 生物多样性 武夷山市 

分 类 号：Q148[生物学—生态学] S773.6[生物学—普通生物学]