贵州省油菜机械化收获最佳作业条件调查分析  

Analysis on the Optimum Operating Conditions of Rape Mechanized Harvesting in Guizhou Province

作　　者：韩忠禄 张华 潘东彪 周杰 HAN Zhonglu;ZHANG Hua;PAN Dongbiao;ZHOU Jie(Guizhou Agricultural Machinery Technology Extension Station,Guiyang Guizhou 550003;Sinan Agricultural Machinery Service Center,Sinan Guizhou 565100)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业机械技术推广总站,贵州贵阳550003 [2]思南县农机服务中心,贵州思南565100

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2021年第5期6-7,10,共3页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

摘　　要：针对影响油菜机械化收获的油菜成熟度、收割高度、作业天气等因素,开展了油菜机械化收获最佳作业条件调查研究。结果表明:相同条件下,油菜机械化收获晴天作业平均含杂率及损失率均较阴天低;油菜成熟度为80%~90%时,机械化收获损失率及含杂率最低;收割高度越高,含杂率越低,损失率越大;破荚率越高,损失率越小。油菜成熟度为80%~90%、收割高度40 cm、晴天作业为最佳作业条件,油菜机械化收获破荚率主要范围为99.1%~100.0%,平均为99.57%;含杂率主要范围为15.31%~19.85%,平均为17.45%;损失率主要范围为0.90%~1.32%,平均为1.11%。In view of the factors affecting mechanized harvesting rape,such as maturity,harvesting height,operation weather,etc.,the optimum operating conditions of mechanized harvesting rape were investigated and studied.The results showed that under the same conditions,the impurity rate and loss rate of mechanized harvesting rape in sunny days were lower than that in cloudy days.When the maturity of rape was 80%-90%,the mechanized harvest loss rate and impurity rate were the lowest.The higher the harvesting height was,the lower the impurity rate was and the higher the loss rate was.The higher the pod breaking rate was,the lower the loss rate was.Under the optimum conditions of rape maturity of 80%-90%,harvesting height of 40 cm and in sunny days,the main range of pod breaking rate of rape mechanized harvest was 99.1%to 100%,with an average of 99.57%;the main range of impurity content was 15.31%to 19.85%,with an average of 17.45%;the main range of loss rate was 0.9%to 1.32%,with an average of 1.11%.

关 键 词：油菜 机械化收获 含杂率 损失率 破荚率 最佳作业条件 贵州省 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学] S232.9