辣木叶活性成分及其药理作用研究进展  

Research Progress of Active Constituents and Pharmacological Effect of Moringa oleifera Leaves

作　　者：冀恩惠 许静 卫军营[1] 杨洪军[1] JI En-hui;XU Jing;WEI Jun-ying;YANG Hong-jun(Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中药研究所,北京100070

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2021年第5期214-223,共10页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：新资源物种辣木和玛咖开发关键技术研究项目(2017ZF004)。

摘　　要：辣木(Moringa oleifera)是一种典型的热带多功能速生树种,原产于印度,现广泛种植于各热带地区。经一些研究考证,辣木在我国的记载最早可追溯到出土于新疆库车的《鲍威尔写本》(第2卷,约公元4—6世纪)。辣木因含有多种活性成分如黄酮、生物碱以及糖苷、有机酸酯等以及丰富的营养成分,其突出的药用价值和经济价值,使辣木被广泛应用于食品添加剂、净水剂、医药保健等多个领域。2012年我国卫生部批准辣木为新资源食品。在当今中医药食疗养生的趋势中,辣木脱颖而出,为我国保健品的开发拓展了方向,也丰富了我国中药的发展需求。但是我国对辣木的研究多集中于各个部位的化学成分提取、营养成分分析、食用及含量测定等方面,对其成分和药理作用研究较片面。在此目的下,本文从辣木叶的活性成分、降血糖和治疗糖尿病并发症、降血脂、抗氧化、抗炎等药理作用以及应用研究现状进行简单综述,对我国未来辣木叶开发和利用进行了展望。Moringa oleifera is a typical tropical multi-functional fast-growing tree species,which is native to India and now widely planted in various tropical regions. After some research and textual research,the records of M. oleifera in China can be traced back to the The Bower Manuscript(volume Ⅱ)(about the 4th—6th century A. D.)unearthed in Kuqa, Xinjiang. M. oleifera contains a variety of active ingredients such as flavonoids,alkaloids,glycosides,organic esters and rich nutrients,which has outstanding medicinal and economic value. As a result,M. oleifera is widely used in food additives,water purification agents,medicine and health care and other fields. In 2012,the Ministry of Health approved M. oleifera as a new resource food. In the current trend of medicine diet and health preservation of traditional Chinese medicine,M. oleifera stands out, which not only expands the direction for the development of health products, but also enriches the development demand of traditional Chinese medicine in our country. However,in our country,the research on M. oleifera is mainly focused on the extraction of chemical components,analysis of nutritional components,consumption and content determination,and the research on its composition and pharmacological action is onesided. For this purpose,this paper briefly reviewed the active components,hypoglycemic and treatment of diabetic complications, hypolipidemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and applied research status of M.oleifera,and looked forward to the future development and utilization of M. oleifera leaves in China.

关 键 词：辣木叶 活性成分 药理作用 

分 类 号：R2-0[医药卫生—中医学] R289[医药卫生—方剂学]