2016-2019年青海省碘缺乏病监测结果分析  

Analysis of monitoring results of iodine deficieny disorders in Qinghai Province from 2016 to 2019

作　　者：甘培春[1] 李亚楠[1] 蔡生花[1] 胡兰盛[1] 陈勋[1] 王明君 李勇[1] 沈洪婷[1] 孟献亚[1] GAN Pei-chun;LI Ya-nan;CAI Sheng-hua;HU Lan-sheng;CHEN Xun;WANG Ming-jun;LI Yong;SHEN Hong-ting;MENG Xian-ya(Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Xining,Qinghai 811602,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省地方病预防控制所,青海西宁811602

出　　处：《中国地方病防治》2021年第1期55-57,共3页Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases

摘　　要：目的对比分析2016-2019年人群碘营养状况,掌握干预措施实施效果,制定针对性控制措施。方法将每个县按东、西、南、北、中划分5个抽样片区,在每个片区各随机抽取1个乡(镇/街道);每个乡(镇/街道)各抽取1所小学校,每所小学抽取8~10岁学生40名,采集尿样和学生家中食用盐样,检测尿碘和盐碘含量,采用B超法测量学生甲状腺容积。每个监测县在所抽取的5个乡中各抽取20名孕妇,采集孕妇尿样和家中食用盐,检测尿碘含量和盐碘含量。结果2016-2019年监测结果表明,儿童尿碘中位数均>100μg/L,碘营养处于碘适宜水平,采用K-W检验比较后,各年度差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=178.010,P<0.05)。孕妇监测结果,2017、2018年尿碘中位数均<150μg/L,碘营养处于不足状态;2016、2019年尿碘中位数>150μg/L,碘营养水平处于适宜状态。采用K-W检验比较后,各年度差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=120.242,P<0.05)。儿童盐碘监测,碘盐覆盖率均>95%,而合格碘盐食用率均低于90%;碘盐中位数比较,各年度差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=253.374,P<0.05),盐碘均值比较,各年度差异有统计学意义(F=15.285,P<0.05)。孕妇盐碘监测,碘盐覆盖率均>95%,而合格碘盐食用率均低于90%;碘盐中位数比较,各年度差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=736.175,P<0.05),盐碘均值比较,各年度差异有统计学意义(F=4.572,P<0.05)。儿童甲状腺容积B超检查,甲肿率均低于5%,采用M-W检验比较后,差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.427,P>0.05)。结论青海省碘缺乏病防治取得了显著成效,碘盐覆盖率、尿碘中位数稳步提高,儿童甲状腺肿大率持续降低,应继续加强健康教育宣传,扩大免费加碘盐发放范围,提高孕妇碘营养水平。Objective To compare and analyze the iodine nutritional situation of the population from 2016 to 2019,master the implementation effect of intervention,and formulate targeted control measures.Methods Each county was divided into five sampling areas according to the East,West,South,North and middle.One township(town/street)was randomly selected in each area,one primary school was selected from each township(town/street),40 students aged 8-10 years were selected from each primary school.Urine samples and salt iodine contents were detected,and thyroid volume of students was measured by B-ultrasound.In each monitoring county,20 pregnant women were selected from each of the five selected townships.Urine samples of pregnant women and edible salt at home were collected to detect urinary iodine content and salt iodine content.Results From 2016 to 2019,the median urinary iodine level of children was more than 100μg/L,and the iodine nutritional level was in the appropriate level.There was significant difference in each year after using K-W test(χ^(2)=178.010,P<0.05).The results of monitoring of pregnant women showed that the median urinary iodine level in 2017 and 2018 were lower than 150μg/L,the iodine nutritional level was in iodine deficiency state,and the urinary iodine median in 2016 and 2019 were>150μg/L,and the iodine nutritional level was in the appropriate state.After using K-W test,there was significant difference in each year(χ^(2)=120.242,P<0.05).The monitoring results of children’s salt iodine showed that the coverage rate of iodized salt were more than 95%,while the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was lower than 90%,there was significant difference in the median of iodized salt among different years(χ^(2)=253.374,P<0.05),and there was significant difference in the mean value of salt iodine among different years(F=15.285,P<0.05).The results of salt iodine monitoring of pregnant women in four years showed that the coverage rate of iodized salt was higher than 95%,while the consumption rate of

关 键 词：碘缺乏病 尿碘 盐碘 甲状腺 

分 类 号：R591.1[医药卫生—内科学]