真菌防治蝗虫研究进展  

Research Progress on Control of Locusts with Entomopathogenic Fungi

作　　者：农向群[1] 闫多子 蔡霓 王广君[1] 涂雄兵[1] 张泽华[1] NONG Xiangqun;YAN Duozi;CAI Ni;WANG Guangjun;TU Xiongbing;ZHANG Zehua(State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests/Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所/植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2021年第1期11-29,共19页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201205);国家外专局引智推广项目(GS20190156002);中国农业科学院应急任务(Y2020YJ02);中央级公益性科研院所基本业务费专项(Y2018YJ16)。

摘　　要：蝗虫是世界性重大成灾害虫,时常在草原、沙漠区或农作区暴发为害。当前的非洲沙漠蝗灾害再次提醒人们,蝗灾依然是粮食生产和生态安全的严重威胁。在寻求绿色可持续防蝗的新策略新技术研究中,昆虫病原真菌显现出种类多、毒力强、易规模化生产及环境友好等明显优势而倍受重视。近30年,真菌防蝗研究和应用进步加快,国际、国内都有真菌防蝗产品的注册登记和大规模应用。本文综述了真菌杀虫机理、防蝗菌株选育、规模化生产及应用进展,分析了存在的问题,提出了在蝗虫幼龄期施菌干预种群发展的建议,展望了未来发展前景,为蝗灾绿色防控提供参考。The locusts are important disastrous pests in the world,often devastating in certain grasslands,deserts and agricultural areas.The current desert locust outbreak in Africa reminds us again that locust is still a serious threat to food production and ecological security.In the search for new sustainable strategies and technologies of pest control,entomopathogenic fungi have been highly noticed due to their significant advantages such as numerous species,strong virulence,easy large-scale production and environmental friendliness.In the past three decades,the research and application of entomopathogenic fungi in locust control have been accelerated.There have been registrations and large-scale applications of the fungal biopesticides in China and abroad.Here we reviewed the progress on mechanism of fungal insecticides,breeding of efficient strain,large-scale production and applications for locust control.We also pointed out the existing problems,brought forward recommendation to intervene locust population development by applying fungal insecticides in the early nymph stage,and looked into the future of fungal insecticides in sustainable control of locusts.

关 键 词：昆虫病原真菌 蝗虫 致病机理 绿僵菌 真菌杀虫剂 生物防治 

分 类 号：S476.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]