低值可回收物补贴参照垃圾处置费“一刀切”合适吗?——基于上海的验证  

Is The“One Size Fits All”Subsidy Standard Based on Waste Disposal Fee Suitable for the Low Value Recyclable Waste?——Testing from Shanghai

作　　者：杜欢政 张挺 刘飞仁 DU Huanzheng;ZHANG Ting;LIU Feiren(School of Marxism,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Zhejiang Urban Governance Research Center,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Jiangxi Institute of Development and Reform,Nanchang 330046,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学马克思主义学院,上海200092 [2]浙江大学浙江省城市治理研究中心,浙江杭州310058 [3]江西省发展改革研究院,江西南昌330046

出　　处：《浙江工商大学学报》2021年第1期111-124,共14页Journal of Zhejiang Gongshang University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“环境治理的市场化制度与社会化共治体系研究”(15ZDC030);江西省文化艺术科学规划项目“江西旅游区域合作战略研究”(YG2018194)。

摘　　要：大多数城市对低值可回收物的补贴标准是参照垃圾处置费“一刀切”执行,但这对企业是否补贴到位、对政府是否最节约尚有待探究。通过构建企业成本与政府节约综合选择法(BC-GE选择法),以上海为例进行实证检验发现,在不影响现行补贴政策所对应的低值可回收物回收率前提下,与参照生活垃圾处置费用221元每吨的“一刀切”式补贴方式相比,按BC-GE选择法核算形成的梯度补贴标准执行可节省7307.8万元。应改变“一刀切”式补贴做法,实行梯度补贴政策;建立低值可回收物补贴核算系统,对企业精准补贴;各地可立足自身财力或垃圾分类目标等实际,按低值可回收物补贴敏感度制定梯度补贴标准,促进低值可回收物回收、推动行业产业化发展。At present,most cities take the disposal fee as a“one size fits all”standard,regardless of whether this subsidy is benefit to enterprises and saving for the government.With given an comprehensive selection method(BC-GE selection method)and take Shanghai as an example find that,compared to the“one size fits all”standard,Shanghai can save 73.078 million under the gradient subsidy standard which calculated by BC-GE selection method,with no influence on the recovery rate of the low value recyclable waste.In order to benefit to enterprises and saving for the government,we should change the“one size fits all”subsidy which according to standard into gradient subsidy standard,establish the low value recyclable waste accounting system to subsidize enterprises accurately,establish gradient subsidy standards based on the sensitivity of low value recyclable waste the financial resources or waste classification objectives for different areas or times is benefit to promote the recovery of the low value recyclable waste and its industrial development.

关 键 词：低值可回收物 补贴 垃圾处置费 上海 

分 类 号：F327.5[经济管理—产业经济]